植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 584-598.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.04.002
康超1, 杨秋雨1, 段朦1, 李亚飞1, 王万喜2(
), 吴强盛2(
)
收稿日期:2026-03-05
出版日期:2026-07-20
发布日期:2026-07-22
通讯作者:
王万喜,吴强盛
E-mail:342701127@qq.com;wuqiangsh@163.com
作者简介:康超(1987—),男,硕士,主要从事环境工程与绿化研究。
基金资助:
Chao KANG1, Qiuyu YANG1, Meng DUAN1, Yafei LI1, Wanxi WANG2(
), Qiangsheng WU2(
)
Received:2026-03-05
Online:2026-07-20
Published:2026-07-22
Contact:
Wanxi WANG, Qiangsheng WU
E-mail:342701127@qq.com;wuqiangsh@163.com
摘要:
温度胁迫是限制香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)分布与生长的重要因素,其高温与低温响应机制存在本质差异。本文系统比较了香樟应对高温与低温胁迫的核心策略:高温胁迫下,光合系统以光呼吸增强进行代谢性耗散,氧化还原调控以单萜信号为核心,驱动WRKY与HSF转录因子级联网络,渗透调节以脯氨酸响应最为迅速;低温胁迫下,光合系统依赖非光化学淬灭和环式电子流进行物理性保护,分子调控以钙-乙烯-ERF/CBF级联通路为中枢,渗透调节以可溶性糖积累为主导。基于上述机制,本文从物理、化学和生物技术3个维度评估了现有调控策略的有效性,指出当前研究在单萜信号通路解析、多重逆境耦合机制、精准调控技术研发等方面仍存在瓶颈。未来应聚焦多组学整合解析分子网络、构建复合胁迫预测模型、突破遗传转化瓶颈及评估调控策略的生态经济可行性,以推动香樟抗逆栽培从被动防护向主动的机制驱动型精准调控转变。
中图分类号:
康超, 杨秋雨, 段朦, 李亚飞, 王万喜, 吴强盛. 香樟对温度胁迫的响应机制及调控策略研究进展[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(4): 584-598.
Chao KANG, Qiuyu YANG, Meng DUAN, Yafei LI, Wanxi WANG, Qiangsheng WU. Advances in Response Mechanisms and Regulatory Strategies of Cinnamomum camphora to Temperature Stress[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(4): 584-598.
表1
香樟遭受低温和高温胁迫后人为调控策略
技术措施类别 Categories of technical measures | 处理方法 Treatment method | 靶定植物/胁迫类型 Target plants/Stress type | 生理机制与效果支持度评估 Assessment of physiological mechanisms and effect support degree |
|---|---|---|---|
外源化学物质施用 Exogenous chemical application | ABA喷施 | 香樟幼苗/低温胁迫 | 中 有研究指出ABA能提高植物抗寒力,但尚缺乏在香樟中的实证 |
| CaCl₂处理 | 香樟幼苗/低温胁迫 | 中 原理阐述清晰,有在其他植物(水稻)上的机制研究作为参考,但尚缺乏香樟抗寒的具体数据 | |
| 外源蔗糖处理 | 香樟幼苗/低温胁迫 | 中高 有明确的生理机制阐述 | |
| 植物生长调节剂喷施 | 植物(通用)/低温胁迫 | 低 缺乏针对香樟的具体试验 | |
| 单萜熏蒸(如樟脑、芳樟醇) | 香樟/高温胁迫 | 高 有系统的试验数据支持,明确了其对光合、代谢、细胞结构的保护作用及基于基因表达的分子机制,并提出了信号分子功能的新证据 | |
栽培与物理防护 Cultivation and physical protection | 及时清雪 | 香樟/低温胁迫(雪压) | 高 防止物理机械损伤(雪压断枝)和减轻积雪覆盖导致的低温冻害 |
| 树干包裹与覆盖保墒胸径5 cm以上苗木(移栽后) | 香樟/干旱、高温、低温 | 高 降低气孔导度以减少水分流失 | |
| 合理修剪 | 香樟/低温胁迫(倒春寒) | 高 直接移除受冻害组织,减少养分消耗和病原侵染风险,并调控发育节律以避开晚霜危害 | |
| 外物保温(树干包裹、遮盖树冠等) | 香樟/低温胁迫 | 中高 通过物理隔绝减少树体热量散失和冷风直接侵袭 | |
生物措施 Biological measures | 接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF) | 香樟幼苗/低温胁迫 | 高 有盆栽试验证据,AMF通过促进生长、调整生物量分配及激活抗氧化系统和渗透调节系统来增强抗寒性 |
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