植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 807-815.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.05.014
收稿日期:
2025-03-01
出版日期:
2025-09-20
发布日期:
2025-09-28
通讯作者:
张鹏
E-mail:zhangpeng@nefu.edu.cn
作者简介:
张政(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事森林培育研究。
基金资助:
Received:
2025-03-01
Online:
2025-09-20
Published:
2025-09-28
Contact:
Peng ZHANG
E-mail:zhangpeng@nefu.edu.cn
摘要:
针对松嫩平原杨树人工林立地品种配置吻合度低问题,以黑龙江西部适生杨树良种黑青杨(Populus euramericana ‘N3016’×P. ussuriensis)、龙丰1号杨(P. deltoides×P. simonii ‘LongFeng-1’)、齐林1号杨(P. euramericana(Dode) cv. ‘DN113’)为对象,对比分析3个树种生长、枝叶元素化学计量关系、叶片生理特征。结果表明:3个树种年均径向生长速率为2.32~2.84 cm·a-1,其中,龙丰1号杨径向生长速率最快,齐林1号杨次之,均显著高于黑青杨(P<0.05);3个树种树干直径与树干高度之间呈二项式函数关系。龙丰1号杨和齐林1号杨枝含水率显著高于黑青杨(P<0.05);龙丰1号杨叶片比叶面积高于其他2个树种。3个树种标准枝附属高级枝及叶元素含量和元素化学计量比均存在显著差异,其中,龙丰1号杨叶片和枝氮(N)和钾(K)含量最高,齐林1号杨次之,黑青杨最低,齐林1号杨叶片磷(P)含量高于龙丰1号杨和黑青杨;3个树种标准枝附属高级枝叶片C∶N(质量比)为19.41~21.65,N∶P(质量比)为6.01~9.40。3个树种叶片碳、氮代谢水平存在显著差异,其中,黑青杨叶片可溶性糖、淀粉、非结构性碳水化合物含量高于龙丰1号杨、齐林1号杨;黑青杨叶片硝态氮、铵态氮和可溶性蛋白含量高于齐林1号杨,但游离氨基酸含量低于其他2个树种(P<0.05)。不同品种之间叶片激素水平存在差异,其中,黑青杨叶片水杨酸含量低于龙丰1号杨和齐林1号杨(P<0.05);齐林1号杨叶片脱落酸含量低于龙丰1号杨(P<0.05);龙丰1号杨叶片生长素含量低于齐林1号杨。3个树种叶片赤霉素含量无显著差异。
中图分类号:
张政, 张鹏. 黑龙江西部3种杨树生长及生理特征比较[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(5): 807-815.
Zheng ZHANG, Peng ZHANG. Comparative Research on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Three Poplar Varieties Grown in Western Heilongjiang[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(5): 807-815.
表1
相同立地条件下3种杨树枝叶生物量权衡关系
树种 Poplar | 含水率 Water content/% | 叶枝质量比 mL∶mB | 叶鲜质量与 叶面积比 mL∶AL/(g·cm-2) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
树干 Stem | 枝 Branch | 叶 Leaf | 整枝(干) Branch(Dry) | 整枝(鲜) Branch(Fresh) | 1级小枝(鲜)ClassⅠtwig (Fresh) | 2级小枝(鲜) Class Ⅱ twig (Fresh) | ||
黑青杨 HQ | 55±3a | 47±15b | 60±5a | 0.34±0.06a | 0.41±0.10a | 1.08±0.51a | 1.50±1.07a | 0.017 3±0.002 1b |
龙丰1号杨 LF | 57±1a | 52±9a | 67±7a | 0.19±0.03b | 0.30±0.09a | 0.47±0.34a | 1.33±1.40a | 0.019 1±0.003 7a |
齐林1号杨 2111Y | 58±2a | 54±12a | 64±06a | 0.20±0.09ab | 0.33±0.16a | 0.58±0.47a | 1.43±1.29a | 0.015 2±0.002 4c |
表2
相同立地条件下3种杨树小枝、叶片元素质量分数及化学计量关系
树种 Poplar | 3级小枝 Third-class twigs(TⅢ) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ω(CT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(CL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(CL)∶ m(CT) | ω(NT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(NL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(NL)∶ m(NT) | ω(KT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(KL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(KL)∶ m(KT) | ω(PT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(PL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(PL)∶ m(PT) | |
黑青杨 HQ | 464.87±3.75c | 418.01±5.53c | 0.90±0.01b | 3.12±0.07c | 19.30±0.22c | 6.19±0.12a | 6.15±0.10c | 18.83±2.47a | 3.07±0.41a | 1.04±0.54a | 2.17±0.08c | 2.52±0.91a |
龙丰1号杨 LF | 485.03±3.99a | 432.42±6.02b | 0.89±0.01b | 4.93±0.40a | 21.88±0.34a | 4.47±0.37c | 8.20±0.10a | 19.41±2.49a | 2.37±0.30b | 1.44±0.48a | 2.33±0.12b | 1.78±0.52b |
齐林1号杨 2111Y | 478.76±5.95b | 455.38±6.47a | 0.95±0.02a | 4.36±0.17b | 21.12±0.24b | 4.85±0.20b | 7.13±0.09b | 17.83±2.49a | 2.50±0.34b | 1.23±0.51a | 2.48±0.18a | 2.32±0.78a |
树种 Poplar | 4级小枝 Fourth-class twigs(TⅣ) | |||||||||||
ω(CT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(CL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(CL)∶ m(CT) | ω(NT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(NL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(NL)∶ m(NT) | ω(KT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(KL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(KL)∶ m(KT) | ω(PT)/ (g·kg-1) | ω(PL)/ (g·kg-1) | m(PL)∶ m(PT) | |
黑青杨 HQ | 442.43±4.49c | 434.38±5.49c | 0.98±0.02b | 4.13±0.17c | 20.78±0.33c | 5.04±0.17a | 6.98±0.23c | 18.65±2.37b | 2.67±0.33a | 1.57±0.49a | 3.42±0.24b | 2.47±1.07a |
龙丰1号杨 LF | 471.05±10.95a | 445.68±5.90b | 0.95±0.03c | 6.99±0.13a | 22.96±0.38a | 3.29±0.07c | 9.76±0.08a | 21.30±2.58a | 2.18±0.27b | 1.79±0.26a | 3.55±0.06b | 2.02±0.27b |
齐林1号杨2111Y | 455.26±2.86b | 476.10±3.96a | 1.05±0.01a | 5.41±0.16b | 22.64±0.41b | 4.19±0.17b | 8.13±0.11b | 18.92±2.51b | 2.33±0.33b | 1.61±0.34a | 3.77±0.06a | 2.43±0.44a |
表3
相同立地条件下3种杨树枝叶元素化学计量关系
树种 Poplar | TⅢ | TⅣ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m(CT)∶m(NT) | m(CL)∶m(NL) | m(NT)∶m(PT) | m(NL)∶m(PL) | m(CT)∶m(NT) | m(CL)∶m(NL) | m(NT)∶m(PT) | m(NL)∶m(PL) | |
黑青杨 HQ | 149.05±3.46a | 21.65±0.31a | 3.39±1.54a | 8.89±0.37b | 107.39±4.06a | 20.91±0.41b | 2.93±1.22b | 6.08±0.41b |
龙丰1号杨 LF | 99.09±8.43c | 19.77±0.35b | 3.79±1.24a | 9.40±0.41a | 67.45±2.09c | 19.41±0.24c | 3.98±0.55a | 6.47±0.16a |
齐林1号杨 2111Y | 109.92±4.74b | 21.56±0.38a | 4.08±1.34a | 8.55±0.63c | 84.29±2.68b | 21.03±0.39a | 3.48±0.63a | 6.01±0.15b |
表4
相同立地条件下3种杨树叶片叶绿素和碳同化产物水平
树种 Poplar | ω/(mg·g-1) | 碳同化酶活性 Rubisco activity/ (nmol∙min-1∙g-1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶绿素a Chla | 叶绿素b Chlb | 叶绿素 Chl | 可溶性糖 SS | 蔗糖 SU | 淀粉 ST | 非结构 碳水化合物 NSC | ||
黑青杨 HQ | 0.60±0.12a | 0.33±0.02a | 0.93±0.14a | 38.59±3.56a | 17.40±1.20a | 30.67±2.21a | 69.26±5.69a | 84.40±9.12a |
龙丰1号杨 LF | 0.63±0.04a | 0.30±0.02a | 0.93±0.06a | 33.58±2.08b | 18.81±1.28a | 24.07±1.89b | 57.65±1.18b | 66.45±15.24a |
齐林1号杨 2111Y | 0.73±0.07a | 0.34±0.03a | 1.07±0.09a | 31.10±0.57b | 9.05±0.45b | 24.67±1.45b | 55.77±1.90b | 77.66±35.66a |
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