白枪杆幼苗C、N、P化学计量特征与生物量对降雨变化的响应

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探讨不同降雨变化对白枪杆（Fraxinus malacophylla）幼苗生长及C、N、P化学计量特征的影响，可为白枪杆幼苗在喀斯特植被恢复中的应用提供理论依据。该研究以2年生白枪杆实生苗为对象，通过设置增雨40%、减雨40%、自然降雨3种雨量梯度，以及5 d和10 d 2种降雨时间间隔处理，探究白枪杆幼苗生物量及C、N、P化学计量特征对降雨格局变化的响应。结果表明：（1）延长降雨间隔及减雨处理对白枪杆幼苗、根、茎、叶生物量积累均有抑制作用，而增雨处理则相反；（2）增雨处理下白枪杆幼苗叶C和P含量显著上升（P<0.05），而叶N含量显著下降（P<0.05）；减雨处理下，降雨时间间隔为5 d时，根C、N、P，茎C、P和叶C、N含量显著减少（P<0.05）；延长降雨间隔，白枪杆幼苗根、茎和叶C、N、P含量均显著下降（P<0.05）；（3）减雨和自然降雨下，白枪杆幼苗叶N∶P（质量比）>16，表明生长受P限制；增雨处理下，幼苗叶N∶P为14~16，表明生长受N和P共同限制。白枪杆通过调节各器官生物量积累及C、N、P化学计量特征应对降雨变化。上述结果可为喀斯特地区植被恢复及白枪杆栽培管理提供一定的科学依据。

关键词: 降雨量, 降雨时间间隔, 生态化学计量, 生物量, 白枪杆

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of variations in rainfall on the growth and C， N， P stoichiometric characteristics of Fraxinus malacophylla seedlings， which could provide a theoretical basis for the application of F. malacophylla seedlings in karst vegetation restoration. In this study， two-year-old F. malacophylla seedlings were used as materials， and the treatments with 40% increased rainfall， 40% reduced rainfall， natural rainfall， and 5- and 10-day rainfall intervals were set， and the responses of seedling biomass and C， N， P stoichiometric characteristics were investigated， respectively. The results showed that both extending the rainfall interval and reducing rainfall significantly inhibited biomass accumulation of seedlings， roots， stems， and leaves， whereas increasing rainfall had an opposite effect. Leaf C and P contents significantly increased（P<0.05）， whereas leaf N content significantly decreased under the increased rainfall（P<0.05）. Under the reduced rainfall， the contents of C， N， and P in roots， C and P in stems， C and N in leaves significantly decreased at a five-day rainfall interval（P<0.05）. The contents of C， N， and P in roots， stems， and leaves significantly decreased at a 10-day rainfall interval（P<0.05）. Under the conditions of reduced and natural rainfalls， the leaf N∶P ratio was greater than 16， indicating that the growth of seedlings was limited by P. Under the increased rainfall， the leaf N∶P ratio ranged from 14 to 16， indicating that the growth of seedlings was limited by both N and P. The above results revealed that F. malacophylla seedlings responded to rainfall changes by regulating the biomass accumulation and C， N， P stoichiometric characteristics in organs. The findings could provide a scientific basis for restoration of vegetation in Karst regions and for the cultivation and management of F. malacophylla.

Key words: rainfall, rainfall interval, ecological stoichiometry, biomass, Fraxinus malacophylla

中图分类号:

S728.9

赵启泽, 茶晓飞, 郑绍傑, 王元友, 韦兴兰, 董琼. 白枪杆幼苗C、N、P化学计量特征与生物量对降雨变化的响应[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(5): 695-706.

Qize ZHAO, Xiaofei CHA, Shaojie ZHENG, Yuanyou WANG, Xinglan WEI, Qiong DONG. Response of Stoichiometric Characteristics of C, N and P and Biomass of Fraxinus malacophylla Seedlings to Rainfall Changes[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(5): 695-706.

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组别 Groups	降雨时间间隔 Rainfall intervals/d	组别 Groups	降雨量 Rainfall/mL
T	5	W-	80
		W	133
		W+	186
T+	10	W-	160
		W	266
		W+	372

元素 Element	器官 Organ	降雨量 Rainfall amounts	降雨时间间隔 Rainfall intervals	降雨量×降雨时间间隔 Rainfall×rainfall interval
C	根Root	260.29^**	6.96^*	59.84^**
	茎Stem	62.21^**	14.07^**	23.53^**
	叶Leaf	88.07^**	30.41^**	10.08^**
N	根Root	205.74^**	56.86^**	1.22
	茎Stem	120.03^**	59.11^**	1.54
	叶Leaf	245.21^**	109.41^**	92.89^**
P	根Root	158.44^**	41.27^**	3.95^*
	茎Stem	166.01^**	47.02^**	4.04^*
	叶Leaf	243.88^**	209.64^**	1.74
C∶N（质量比）	根Root	57.43^**	137.14^**	12.02^**
	茎Stem	33.90^**	54.25^**	17.65^**
	叶Leaf	4.38	57.68^**	31.35^**
C∶P（质量比）	根Root	26.74^**	29.33^**	8.88^*
	茎Stem	12.94^**	48.93^**	3.32
	叶Leaf	78.76^**	61.23^**	30.49^**
N∶P（质量比）	根Root	6.73^*	87.43^**	1.33
	茎Stem	9.73^**	32.21^**	6.71^*
	叶Leaf	54.97^**	40.74^**	38.43^**