白音敖包国家级自然保护区典型乔、灌木叶、枝及细根生态化学计量特征

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示半干旱地区木本植物的养分限制因子与养分利用策略，研究了内蒙古白音敖包国家级自然保护区6种典型木本植物（乔木和灌木各3种）叶、枝、吸收根和运输根碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）化学计量特征的差异和相关性。结果表明：6种木本植物叶平均C/N（质量比）和C/P（质量比）显著低于枝、吸收根和运输根，而吸收根平均N/P（质量比）则显著高于叶、枝和运输根（P<0.05）。乔木叶和枝平均C含量显著高于灌木，而吸收根和运输根C含量显著低于灌木（P<0.05）。乔木叶平均C/N（22.45）、C/P（291.04）分别高于灌木叶C/N（16.16）、C/P（153.70），乔木枝、吸收根和运输根平均C/N（43.84、24.56和43.56）与C/P（369.27、555.20和800.79）则分别低于灌木（C/N为61.97、32.31和52.69；C/P为542.75、725.56和813.76）。乔木仅叶平均N/P（14.12）显著高于灌木（9.53）（P<0.05）。叶C含量与枝C、P含量极显著正相关（P<0.01），吸收根与运输根N、P、C/N和C/P间显著正相关（P<0.05），而地上与地下器官间的相关性相对较弱。综上，乔木叶表现出较高的养分利用效率，而灌木地下器官则具有更高的养分利用效率，叶和枝在C分配上、吸收根和运输根在N、P分配及利用上均表现出协同关系。

关键词: 生态化学计量学, 器官, 生活型, 沙地云杉, 半干旱森林生态系统

Abstract:

To reveal nutrient limitation factors and nutrient utilization strategies of woody plants in semi-arid regions， the differences and correlations in the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon（C）， nitrogen（N）， and phosphorus（P） in leaves， branches， absorptive roots， and transport roots of three typical trees and three typical shrubs were examined in Baiyinaobao National Nature Reserve， Inner Mongolia. The results indicated that the mean C/N and C/P ratios in leaves of the six woody species were significantly lower than those in branches， absorptive roots， and transport roots， while the mean N/P ratio in absorptive roots was significantly higher than those in leaves， branches， and transport roots （P<0.05）. The mean C content in tree leaves and branches was significantly higher than that in shrubs， while the C content in absorptive roots and transport roots was significantly lower in trees compared to shrubs （P<0.05）. The mean C/N （22.45） and C/P ratios （291.04） in tree leaves were higher than those （16.16 and 153.70， respectively） in shrub leaves， while the mean C/N （43.84， 24.56， and 43.56） and C/P ratios （369.27， 555.20， and 800.79） in tree branches， absorptive roots， and transport roots were lower than those （the C/N ratios were 61.97， 32.31， and 52.69； the C/P ratios were 542.75， 725.56， and 813.76） in shrubs. Among all organs， only the mean N/P ratio in tree leaves（14.12） was significantly higher than that in shrubs（9.53）（P<0.05）. Leaf C content showed a highly significant positive correlation with the C and P contents in branches （P<0.01）， while N， P， C/N， and C/P in absorptive roots were significantly positively correlated with those in transport roots （P<0.05）. In contrast， correlations between aboveground and underground organs were relatively weak. In summary， the leaves of trees exhibited higher nutrient use efficiency， whereas the underground organs of shrubs demonstrated higher nutrient use efficiency. The distribution of C in leaves and branches and the distribution and utilization of N and P in absorptive roots and transport roots exhibited coordination.

Key words: ecological stoichiometry, organ, life form, Picea mongolica, semi-arid forest ecosystem

中图分类号:

S718.5

杨昕瑜, 张硕, 张曦文, 郑青山, 苏日力格, 谷加存. 白音敖包国家级自然保护区典型乔、灌木叶、枝及细根生态化学计量特征[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(5): 795-806.

Xinyu YANG, Shuo ZHANG, Xiwen ZHANG, Qingshan ZHENG, Rilige SU, Jiacun GU. Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Leaves, Branches, and Fine Roots of Typical Trees and Shrubs in Baiyinaobao National Nature Reserve[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(5): 795-806.

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地形 Terrain	纬度 Latitude /（°）	经度 Longitude /（°）	海拔 Elevation /m	坡度 Gradient /（°）	土壤含水率 Soil water content/%	土壤pH Soil pH	ω
地形 Terrain	纬度 Latitude /（°）	经度 Longitude /（°）	海拔 Elevation /m	坡度 Gradient /（°）	土壤含水率 Soil water content/%	土壤pH Soil pH	土壤全碳 Soil total carbon /（mg·g^-1）	土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen /（mg·g^-1）	土壤全磷 Soil total phosphorus /（mg·g^-1）
阳坡 Sunny slope	43.53	117.19	1 363.00	24.67	10.14±0.85^b	6.57±0.20^a	46.29±7.54^b	3.77±0.38^b	0.38±0.04^a
阴坡 Shade slope	43.53	117.20	1 352.00	19.50	24.24±3.82^b	6.51±0.25^a	68.23±7.44^ab	5.52±0.60^ab	0.50±0.05^a
平地 Flat	43.52	117.21	1 331.00	0	49.17±10.40^a	6.02±0.23^a	90.56±18.04^a	6.97±1.22^a	0.45±0.07^a

指标 Index	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 d_f	均方 Mean square	F	P
C	212.62	2	106.31	0.04	0.96
N	23.77	2	11.88	0.43	0.65
P	0.17	2	0.08	0.21	0.81
C/N	277.23	2	138.62	0.49	0.62
C/P	59 189.60	2	29 594.80	0.42	0.66
N/P	4.26	2	2.13	0.06	0.95

指标 Index	生活型 Life form			器官 Organ			生活型×器官 Life form×Organ
指标 Index	d_f	F	P	d_f	F	P	d_f	F	P
C	1	2.74	0.100	3	79.60	<0.001	3	15.97	<0.001
N	1	8.15	0.006	3	56.05	<0.001	3	3.79	0.010
P	1	1.41	0.240	3	71.74	<0.001	3	22.16	<0.001
C/N	1	14.97	<0.001	3	73.88	<0.001	3	7.40	<0.001
C/P	1	3.01	0.090	3	62.97	<0.001	3	5.50	0.002
N/P	1	6.51	0.010	3	86.11	<0.001	3	3.01	0.040