植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 520-530.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.04.005
收稿日期:
2023-01-23
出版日期:
2023-07-20
发布日期:
2023-06-30
通讯作者:
张彦妮
E-mail:ynzhang808@126.com
作者简介:
庄舒尧(2003—),女,本科生,主要从事园林植物抗逆性研究。
基金资助:
Shuyao ZHUANG, Hengbo XU, Xiaoyu HU, Shang DAI, Yanni ZHANG()
Received:
2023-01-23
Online:
2023-07-20
Published:
2023-06-30
Contact:
Yanni ZHANG
E-mail:ynzhang808@126.com
About author:
E-mail:ynzhang808@126.comSupported by:
摘要:
以观叶植物矾根‘银扇’(Heuchera micrantha ‘Silver Fan’)幼苗为研究对象,选用30、60、90、120、 150 mmol·L-1 NaCl、NaHCO3与20、30、40、50、60 mmol·L-1 Na2CO3,分别模拟盐胁迫、盐碱胁迫和碱胁迫。试验以1/4霍格兰营养液为对照,采用水培法,对幼苗处理0、7、14 d,从盐害率、生理指标等方面观察植株的响应,通过对7个指标进行主成分分析,探讨盐碱胁迫对‘银扇’幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:在不同盐碱胁迫处理下,幼苗的相对电导率和丙二醛含量(MDA)随时间延长和浓度升高均呈上升趋势。在30 mmol·L-1 NaCl与NaHCO3分别处理下的‘银扇’幼苗无明显盐害症状,随着处理时间的延长各生理指标都呈上升趋势;随着浓度增加和胁迫时间的延长,幼苗盐害指数上升,观赏价值降低,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性整体呈先升后降的趋势,分别在 90 mmol·L-1 NaCl和60 mmol·L-1 NaHCO3时达到最大值;在胁迫相同时间条件下,叶绿素(Chl)、叶绿素a(Chla)和叶绿素b(Chlb)含量不断下降,ρ(Chla)/ρ(Chlb)随胁迫浓度的升高而升高。在不同浓度Na2CO3胁迫下SOD活性总体呈上升趋势,50 mmol·L-1时达到最大值,Chl、Chla与Chlb含量总体呈下降趋势,但在胁迫相同时间条件下,ρ(Chla)/ρ(Chlb)随浓度升高先减后增,在40 mmol·L-1处理下比值最小。总体来说,‘银扇’幼苗具有一定耐盐能力,在NaCl浓度<90 mmol·L-1,NaHCO3浓度<60 mmol·L-1,Na2CO3浓度<40 mmol·L-1可以生长,且具有一定观赏价值。主成分分析结果表明,相对电导率、Chla和Chlb含量可作为‘银扇’耐盐碱能力强弱的评价指标。
中图分类号:
庄舒尧, 许恒博, 胡骁彧, 戴上, 张彦妮. 盐碱胁迫对彩叶矾根‘银扇’幼苗生长和生理特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(4): 520-530.
Shuyao ZHUANG, Hengbo XU, Xiaoyu HU, Shang DAI, Yanni ZHANG. Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Color Leaf Heuchera micrantha ‘Silver Fan’ Seedlings[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(4): 520-530.
表1
不同浓度盐碱胁迫14 d后‘银扇’幼苗盐害指数和盐害率
胁迫处理 Stress treatment | 处理浓度 Treatment concentration | 盐害指数 Salt damage index/% | 盐害率 Salt damage rate/% | 胁迫处理 Stress treatment | 处理浓度 Treatment concentration | 盐害指数 Salt damage index/% | 盐害率 Salt damage rate/% | 胁迫处理 Stress treatment | 处理浓度 Treatment concentration | 盐害指数 Salt damage index/% | 盐害率 Salt damage rate/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NaCl | 30 | 0 | 0 | NaHCO3 | 30 | 0 | 0 | Na2CO3 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
60 | 33.33 | 33.33 | 60 | 33.33 | 33.33 | 30 | 33.33 | 33.33 | |||
90 | 66.67 | 66.67 | 90 | 66.67 | 100.00 | 40 | 33.33 | 66.67 | |||
120 | 66.67 | 100.00 | 120 | 77.78 | 100.00 | 50 | 66.67 | 66.67 | |||
150 | 88.89 | 100.00 | 150 | 83.33 | 100.00 | 60 | 77.78 | 100.00 |
表2
NaCl胁迫时‘银扇’幼苗各生理指标主成分分析结果
主成分 Principal component | 负载权数Load weights | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率 Contribution rate/% | 累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDA含量 MDA content | 相对电导率 Relative conductivity | SOD活性 SOD activity | 叶绿素a含量 Chla content | 叶绿素b含量 Chlb content | ρ(Chla)/ρ(Chlb) | 叶绿素含量 Chl content | ||||
1 | -0.773 | -0.853 | 0.291 | 0.985 | 0.970 | -0.007 | 0.075 | 3.327 | 47.524 | 47.524 |
2 | 0.630 | 0.391 | 0.517 | 0.099 | 0.151 | 0.979 | 0.086 | 1.816 | 25.947 | 73.471 |
3 | 0.065 | 0.323 | -0.756 | -0.098 | 0.171 | -0.080 | 0.976 | 1.679 | 23.984 | 97.455 |
表3
NaHCO3 胁迫时‘银扇’幼苗各生理指标主成分分析结果
主成分 Principal component | 负载权数Load weights | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率 Contribution rate/% | 累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDA含量 MDA content | 相对电导率 Relative conductivity | SOD活性 SOD activity | 叶绿素a含量 Chla content | 叶绿素b含量 Chlb content | ρ(Chla)/ρ(Chlb) | 叶绿素含量 Chl content | ||||
1 | 0.998 | 0.977 | 0.764 | -0.969 | -0.845 | -0.004 | -0.451 | 5.356 | 66.946 | 66.946 |
2 | 0.054 | 0.100 | 0.494 | -0.053 | 0.327 | 0.924 | -0.064 | 1.228 | 15.350 | 82.295 |
表4
Na2CO3 胁迫时‘银扇’幼苗各生理指标主成分分析结果
主成分 Principal component | 负载权数Load weights | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 贡献率 Contribution rate/% | 累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDA含量 MDA content | 相对电导率 Relative conductivity | SOD活性 SOD activity | 叶绿素a含量 Chla content | 叶绿素b含量 Chlb content | ρ(Chla)/ρ(Chlb) | 叶绿素含量 Chl content | ||||
1 | 0.936 | 0.924 | -0.764 | -0.953 | -0.972 | -0.078 | 0.920 | 5.920 | 74.005 | 74.005 |
2 | -0.346 | -0.355 | 0.566 | -0.192 | 0.078 | 0.965 | -0.230 | 1.686 | 21.079 | 95.084 |
1 | 刘军,徐金良,邹军,等.盐胁迫对红楠幼苗生长及Na+、K+吸收和分布的影响[J].林业科学研究,2013,26(6):790-794. |
LIU J, XU J L, ZOU J,et al.Effects of salt stress on seedling growth of Machilus thunbergii and Na+,K+ absorption and distribution[J].Forest Research,2013,26(6):790-794. | |
2 | 姚荣江,杨劲松,刘广明.东北地区盐碱土特征及其农业生物治理[J].土壤,2006,38(3):256-262. |
YAO R J, YANG J S, LIU G M.Characteristics and agro-biological management of saline-alkalized land in northeast China[J].Soils,2006,38(3):256-262. | |
3 | 马书荣,李韫,石美玉,等.盐碱胁迫对蒙古柳无性系生理特性的影响[J].分子植物育种,2021,19(3):1004-1013. |
MA S R, LI Y, SHI M Y,et al.Effects of saline-alkali stress on physiological characteristics of Salix linearistioularis clones[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2021,19(3):1004-1013. | |
4 | 许盼云,吴玉霞,何天明.植物对盐碱胁迫的适应机理研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2020,39(10):41-49. |
XU P Y, WU Y X, HE T M.Research progress on adaptation mechanism of plants to saline-alkali stress[J].Chinese Wild Plant Resources,2020,39(10):41-49. | |
5 | 陈敏,李海云,吕福堂.植物耐盐性研究进展[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2011,24(3):47-50. |
CHEN M, LI H Y, LÜ F T.Research progress on plant salt tolerance[J].Journal of Liaocheng University(Natural Science Edition),2011,24(3):47-50. | |
6 | 景璐,刘涛,白玉娥.草本园林植物耐盐性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(13):284-289. |
JING L, LIU T, BAI Y E.Advances in adaptability of salt endurance on herbaceous plant[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(13):284-289. | |
7 | 李洪瑶,王凯,张永胜,等.盐碱胁迫对两种铁线莲生长状况和生理特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(5):49-54. |
LI H Y, WANG K, ZHANG Y S,et al.Effects of saline-alkali stress on growth and physiological characteristics of two Clematis species[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2018,46(5):49-54. | |
8 | 李春辉,黄少玲,郭翔,等.我国矾根研究进展[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(15):109-111,134. |
LI C H, HUANG S L, GUO X,et al.Research progress on Heuchera in China[J].Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin,2017,23(15):109-111,134. | |
9 | 殷丽青,谢苗苗,孙翊,等.彩叶植物矾根的研究进展[J].上海农业学报,2018,34(1):138-143. |
YIN L Q, XIE M M, SUN Y,et al.Research development of colorful plant of Heuchera spp.[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai,2018,34(1):138-143. | |
10 | SĄKOL G, OCHOTA P, MIROSŁAWSKI J,et al.Suitability of three cultivars of coral bells(Heuchera cvs.) to bioremediation of cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) from post-mining area in zagłębie dąbrowskie[J].Medycyna Środowiskowa,2011,14(3):17-27. |
11 | SĄKOL G, MIROSŁAWSKI J, BREWCZYŃSKI P Z.Efficient Pb translocation by ‘Purple Petticoats’ cv. of Heuchera L. from contaminated soil in a coal basin[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2014,23(6):2199. |
12 | 曾丽蓉,郑鑫,张婷,等.四种苹果砧木耐盐性差异比较[J].天津农业科学,2015,21(3):105-109. |
ZENG L R, ZHENG X, ZHANG T,et al.Salt resistance comparison of four apple rootstocks[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2015,21(3):105-109. | |
13 | 王学奎,黄见良.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].3版.北京:高等教育出版社,2015. |
WANG X K, HUANG J X.Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiments[M].3rd ed.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2015. | |
14 | 王佺珍,刘倩,高娅妮,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5565-5577. |
WANG Q Z, LIU Q, GAO Y N,et al.Review on the mechanisms of the response to salinity-alkalinity stress in plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(16):5565-5577. | |
15 | BAHMANI K, NOORI S A S, DARBANDI A I,et al.Molecular mechanisms of plant salinity tolerance:a review[J].Australian Journal of Crop Science,2015,9(4):321-336. |
16 | 任鹏飞,尚丽霞,蔡勤安,等.植物耐碱性研究进展及其在大豆中的应用展望[J].大豆科学,2019,38(6):977 -985. |
REN P F, SHANG L X, CAI Q A,et al.Research progress of plant alkali tolerance and its application prospect in soybean[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(6):977-985. | |
17 | 张相锋,杨晓绒,焦子伟.植物耐盐性评价研究进展及评价策略[J].生物学杂志,2018,35(6):91-94. |
ZHANG X F, YANG X R, JIAO Z W.Research progress of salt tolerance evaluation in plants and tolerance evaluation strategy[J].Journal of Biology,2018,35(6):91-94. | |
18 | VERSLUES P E, AGARWAL M, KATIYAR-AGARWAL S,et al.Methods and concepts in quantifying resistance to drought,salt and freezing,abiotic stresses that affect plant water status[J].The Plant Journal,2006,45(4):523-539. |
19 | MELONI D A, OLIVA M A, MARTINEZ C A,et al.Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2003,49(1):69-76. |
20 | 魏婧,徐畅,李可欣,等.超氧化物歧化酶的研究进展与植物抗逆性[J].植物生理学报,2020,56(12):2571-2584. |
WEI Q, XU C, LI K X,et al.Progress on superoxide dismutase and plant stress resistance[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2020,56(12):2571-2584. | |
21 | 赵红,徐芬芬,熊安琪,等.不同种类盐胁迫对水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].分子植物育种,2021,19(17):5842-5847. |
ZHAO H, XU F F, XIONG A Q,et al.Effects of different salt stress on seed germination and seedling of rice[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2021,19(17):5842-5847. | |
22 | 张凤娥,张丽娟,高东菊.混合盐胁迫时2种铁线莲的叶片渗透调节及叶绿素荧光特性[J].东北林业大学学报,2022,50(5):52-56,62. |
ZHANG F E, ZHANG L J, GAO D J.Osmotic regulation and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in leaves of two Clematis species under saline-alkali stress[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2022,50(5):52-56,62. | |
23 | 何淼,王欢,徐鹏飞,等.模拟复合盐碱胁迫对芒幼苗生理特性的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(7):1342-1352. |
HE M, WANG H, XU P F,et al.Research on the physiological characteristics of Miscanthus sinensis seedlings under the treatments of complex saline-alkaloid stress[J].Pratacultural Science,2016,33(7):1342-1352. | |
24 | 陆安桥,张峰举,许兴,等.盐胁迫对湖南稷子苗期生长及生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2021,30(5):84-93. |
LU A Q, ZHANG F J, XU X,et al.Effects of salt stress on growth and physiological characteristics of Echinochloa frumentacea seedlings[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2021,30(5):84-93. | |
25 | 郑欣颖,李鹏飞,薛立,等.3种园林植物的抗盐生理研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(9):62-67. |
ZHENG X Y, LI P F, XUE L,et al.Effect of salt stress on physiological characteristics of garden plants of three species[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2017,37(9):62-67. | |
26 | 贾茵,向元芬,王琳璐,等.盐胁迫对小报春生长及生理特性的影响[J].草业学报,2020,29(10):119-128. |
JIA Y, XIANG Y F, WANG L L,et al.Effects of salt stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Primula forbesii [J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2020,29(10):119-128. | |
27 | 苏世平,刘小娥,席杰.三色堇对NaCl胁迫的生理响应[J].草业学报,2022,31(8):90-98. |
SU S P, LIU X E, XI J.Physiological response of Viola tricolor to NaCl stress[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2022,31(8):90-98. | |
28 | 潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:57-62. |
PAN R C.Plant physiology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001:57-62. | |
29 | 梁新华,谢亚军,田峻颉.NaCl与Na2CO3胁迫对光果甘草幼苗叶片叶绿体色素含量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(9):228-230. |
LIANG X H, XIE Y J, TIAN J J.Effect of NaCl and Na2CO3 stress on the content of chloroplast pigment in leaves of Glycyrrhiza glabra seedlings[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2005,21(9):228-230. | |
30 | 张丽,徐志然,胡晓辉,等.叶面喷施亚精胺对盐碱胁迫下番茄幼苗生长及其叶绿素合成前体含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(1):125-130. |
ZHANG L, XU Z R, HU X H,et al.Effect of foliar-spraying spermidine on seedlings growth and contents of chlorophyll biosynthesis precursors in leaves of tomato under saline-alkaline stress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2015,35(1):125-130. | |
31 | 张小艾,李名扬,汪志辉,等.重金属及盐碱对二月兰幼苗生长和生理生化的影响[J].草业学报,2013,22(2):187-194. |
ZHANG X A, LI M Y, WANG Z H,et al.Effects of heavy metals and saline-alkali on seedlings growth,physiological-biochemical of Oryehophragmus violaeeus [J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(2):187- 194. | |
32 | 李雅男,袁素霞,徐雷锋,等.百合在NaHCO3胁迫下的生理响应机制[J].园艺学报,2016,43(6):1126-1140. |
LI Y N, YUAN S X, XU L F,et al.The physiological response of lily to NaHCO3 stress[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2016,43(6):1126-1140. |
[1] | 马朝阳, 刘天凤, 李晓雪, 霍灿灿, 付玲玲, 李在留. 土壤石砾含量对掌叶木幼苗生长及生理影响的年际变化[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(6): 890-899. |
[2] | 欧美景, 李红燕, 赵秋菊, 李佳蔚. 不同测定方法下叶片穿透力与叶片功能性状之间的关系[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(6): 910-922. |
[3] | 隋德宗, 王保松. 盐胁迫下乌桕无性系叶片的比较蛋白组学研究[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(5): 679-689. |
[4] | 孙宇, 张艺腾, 成慧慧. 紫穗槐WRKY42基因耐盐碱性的功能研究[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(4): 612-621. |
[5] | 李婷婷, 杨柳, 李晓霞, 王奕淞, 王秀伟. 水曲柳和蒙古栎光合特性和生长对不同氮素形态的响应[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(2): 207-217. |
[6] | 刘建新, 刘瑞瑞, 刘秀丽, 欧晓彬, 贾海燕, 卜婷, 李娜. 外源硫化氢对盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦叶片有机酸和激素含量的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(1): 76-89. |
[7] | 黄志慧, 张一宁, 李娜娜, 郑宝江, 张玉红. 增补UV-B辐射对菥蓂生理特性及次生代谢产物的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2022, 42(6): 1079-1087. |
[8] | 刘建新, 刘瑞瑞, 刘秀丽, 贾海燕, 卜婷, 李娜. 不同时期喷施NaHS对盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦H2S产生和活性氧代谢的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2022, 42(3): 455-465. |
[9] | 刘建新, 刘瑞瑞, 刘秀丽, 贾海燕, 卜婷, 李娜. 外源H2S供体NaHS浸种对盐碱胁迫下裸燕麦种子萌发特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(6): 870-877. |
[10] | 何凤, 杜红岩, 刘攀峰, 王璐, 庆军, 杜兰英. 干旱胁迫对杜仲叶片结构特征的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(6): 947-956. |
[11] | 袁秀云, 许申平, 周一冉, 王喜蒙, 崔波. 遮荫对白及形态及叶片结构的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(6): 974-981. |
[12] | 金荷仙, 沈徐悦, 陈蓉蓉, 吴振, 申亚梅, 张冬梅. NaCl胁迫对白玉兰形态及生理特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(4): 596-603. |
[13] | 史森, 苗娜, 史羽桐, 王慧梅. 蔗糖对84K杨树组培继代苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(1): 74-78. |
[14] | 张书齐, 许全, 姚海荣, 杨秋, 刘文杰, 王萌. 海南岛海岸带木麻黄和厚藤叶片碳、氮、磷含量及其化学计量特征[J]. 植物研究, 2020, 40(2): 224-232. |
[15] | 李冬林, 金雅琴, 崔梦凡, 黄琳曦, 裴文慧. 遮荫对香果树叶片生理特性及叶肉细胞超微结构的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2020, 40(1): 29-40. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||