红松和兴安落叶松径向生长与归一化差异植被指数和环境因子关系

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林生长过程的时序变化已成为评估陆地碳循环反馈的关键内容，但目前对年内归一化差异植被指数（normalized difference vegetation index，NDVI）与径向生长物候的耦合与解耦格局及其对环境的响应机制仍缺乏系统认识。基于此，本研究以中国东北地区的红松（Pinus koraiensis）人工林和兴安落叶松（Larix gmelinii，以下简称落叶松）人工林为对象，应用树木径向生长（stem radial growth，SRG）连续监测、无人机NDVI遥感数据及气象观测的方法，分析两树种2023—2024年的物候特征及环境响应差异。结果表明：落叶松表现出“进取型”生长策略，其SRG起始日期较红松早13~37 d，2年生长峰值速率（22.40~32.34 μm⋅d^-1）均高于红松（18.06~25.40 μm⋅d^-1）；红松则呈“保守型”策略，生长时间相对集中，其SRG与NDVI物候高度同步，启动时差仅6~7 d，而落叶松的两者呈显著解耦特征，其SRG启动时间早于NDVI，且结束时间大幅提前。此外，红松的SRG与NDVI的环境响应模式高度一致，均与土壤水热、大气温度及空气湿度因子呈显著相关（r≥0.4，P<0.01）；落叶松响应则出现分化，其NDVI变化主要受气温因子驱动（r≥0.4，P<0.01），SRG则同时受土壤水热与空气湿度限制（r≥0.4，P<0.01）。综上，本研究揭示了常绿针叶树种与落叶针叶树种生长节律与NDVI变化的耦合机制及其对环境因子的响应程度上存在功能性差异，表明冠层物候与结构生长之间的耦合机制具有树种特异性。

关键词: 径向生长, 归一化植被指数, 红松, 兴安落叶松, 气候因子

Abstract:

The temporal dynamics of forest growth processes have become a critical component in evaluating terrestrial carbon cycle feedbacks. However， a systematic understanding of the coupling-decoupling patterns between intra-annual normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） and radial growth phenology， as well as their response mechanisms to environmental factors， remains lacking. To address this， the present study focused on Pinus koraiensis plantations and Larix gmelinii plantations in Northeast China， employing continuous stem radial growth（SRG） monitoring， UAV-derived NDVI data， and meteorological observations to analyze the phenological characteristics and differential environmental responses of the two species during 2023—2024. The results demonstrated that L. gmelinii exhibited an “acquisitive” growth strategy， with SRG onset occurring 13-37 days earlier than that of P. koraiensis， and peak growth rates （22.40-32.34 μm⋅d^-1） consistently exceeding those of P. koraiensis （18.06-25.40 μm⋅d^-1）. In contrast， P. koraiensis displayed a “conservative” strategy characterized by a relatively concentrated growth period. SRG and NDVI phenology were highly synchronized in P. koraiensis， with a time lag of only 6-7 days between their onsets. Conversely， a pronounced decoupling was observed in L. gmelinii， where SRG initiated substantially earlier than NDVI but also ceased considerably sooner. Furthermore，the environmental response patterns of SRG and NDVI in P. koraiensis were highly consistent， both showing significant correlations with soil moisture and temperature， air temperature， and atmospheric humidity（r≥0.4， P<0.01）. In L. gmelinii， however， the responses diverged： NDVI was predominantly driven by air temperature（r≥0.4， P<0.01）， while SRG was jointly constrained by soil moisture， soil temperature， and atmospheric humidity（r≥0.4， P<0.01）. Collectively， this study reveals functional divergence between evergreenand deciduous conifer species in the coupling mechanisms between growth rhythms and NDVI dynamics， as well as in their sensitivity to environmental drivers， indicating that the coupling between canopy phenology and structural growth is species-specific.

Key words: stem radial growth, NDVI, Pinus koraiensis, Larix gmelinii, climatic factors

中图分类号:

S791.2

郭浩翔, 刘滨辉. 红松和兴安落叶松径向生长与归一化差异植被指数和环境因子关系[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(3): 570-578.

Haoxiang GUO, Binhui LIU. Relationship between Radial Growth of Pinus koraiensis and Larix gmelinii and NDVI and Environmental Factors[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(3): 570-578.

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