外源赤霉素对盐胁迫下藿香种子萌发的影响

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以野生藿香（Agastache rugosa）种子为材料，分析NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫对其萌发的影响，并探究外源赤霉素（GA₃）对盐胁迫抑制种子萌发的缓解作用。进一步选取生理变化显著的萌发阶段的种子进行转录组测序，从基因表达层面解析外源GA₃调控藿香种子响应盐胁迫的分子机制。结果显示：NaCl胁迫显著抑制种子萌发，加剧膜脂过氧化与渗透失衡，引发氧化损伤，扰乱正常生理与代谢过程。150 mg⋅L^-1 GA₃处理能够减轻膜脂过氧化及渗透胁迫，调节抗氧化系统，从而缓解盐胁迫对种子萌发的抑制。转录组分析结果表明，盐胁迫下，差异表达基因显著富集于植物激素信号转导、淀粉与蔗糖代谢及促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路，表明这些通路在植物盐胁迫响应中起关键作用。GA₃处理下，差异基因主要富集于光合作用、苯丙烷生物合成及碳固定通路，提示GA₃可能通过促进能量代谢和次级代谢合成来缓解盐胁迫。此外，GA₃通过抑制WRKY33、OXI1、CALM等活性氧（ROS）相关基因，并调控ABA信号通路基因PP2C及茉莉酸信号通路基因JAR1-4-6，显著减轻盐胁迫诱导的氧化损伤与代谢失衡。本研究证实，外源GA₃可通过缓解氧化损伤、调控关键基因及代谢通路等多途径协同作用，增强藿香种子耐盐性，提高其萌发率。

关键词: 藿香, 盐胁迫, 种子萌发, 赤霉素, 转录组

Abstract:

To explore the alleviative effect of exogenous gibberellin（GA₃） on the inhibition of seed germination of Agastache rugosa under salt stress， seeds of wild A. rugosa were used as materials to analyze the effects of salt stress simulated by NaCl solution on seed germination. Furthermore， transcriptome sequencing was performed on seeds at germination stages with significant physiological changes to elucidate the molecular mechanism of exogenous GA₃ regulating the response of A. rugosa seeds to salt stress from the gene expression level. The results showed that NaCl stress significantly inhibited seed germination， aggravated membrane lipid peroxidation and osmotic imbalance， induced oxidative damage， and disrupted normal physiological and metabolic processes. Treatment with 150 mg⋅L^-1 GA₃ alleviated membrane lipid peroxidation and osmotic stress， regulated the antioxidant system， and thus mitigated the inhibitory effect of salt stress on seed germination. Transcriptome analysis revealed that under salt stress， differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction， starch and sucrose metabolism， and mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway， indicating that these pathways play key roles in plant salt stress responses. Under GA₃ treatment， differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in photosynthesis， phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and carbon fixation pathways， suggesting that GA₃ may alleviate salt stress by promoting energy metabolism and secondary metabolism. In addition， GA₃ significantly reduced salt stress-induced oxidative damage and metabolic imbalance by inhibiting ROS-related genes such as WRKY33， OXI1 and CALM， and regulating the ABA signaling pathway gene PP2C and jasmonic acid signaling pathway gene JAR1-4-6. This study confirmed that exogenous GA₃ could enhance salt tolerance and improve germination rate of A. rugosa seeds through synergistic effects of multiple pathways， such as alleviating oxidative damage and regulating key genes and metabolic pathways.

Key words: Agastache rugosa, salt stress, seed germination, gibberellin, transcriptome

中图分类号:

S567.239

王思奇, 毕云杰, 李慧贤, 宋正宝, 刘润柯, 高瑞馨. 外源赤霉素对盐胁迫下藿香种子萌发的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(3): 481-492.

Siqi WANG, Yunjie BI, Huixian LI, Zhengbao SONG, Runke LIU, Ruixin GAO. Effect of Exogenous Gibberellin on Seed Germination of Agastache rugosa under Salt Stress[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(3): 481-492.

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处理 Treatment	发芽势 Germination potential/%	发芽率 Germination rate/%	发芽指数 Germination index
CK	70.67±9.32^a	78.00±0.10^a	11.14±0.01^a
50 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	39.30±0.10^b	70.00±0.10^b	10.00±0.10^b
75 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	36.60±0.10^b	57.60±0.10^c	6.81±0.01^c
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	36.00±0.10^b	40.60±0.10^d	5.81±0.01^d
125 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	23.30±0.10^c	17.00±0.10^e	1.62±0.01^e
150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	6.00±0.10^d	11.00±0.10^f	0.86±0.01^f

处理 Treatment	发芽势 Germination potential/%	发芽率 Germination rate/%	发芽指数 Germination index
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl	36.00±1.00^a	40.60±0.10^b	5.81±0.01^b
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl+50 mg·L^-1 GA₃	25.67±1.00^d	66.67±6.11^a	9.52±0.01^a
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl+100 mg·L^-1 GA₃	34.67±1.00^ab	72.33±2.08^a	10.33±0.01^a
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl+150 mg·L^-1 GA₃	31.33±1.00^c	73.33±4.51^a	10.48±0.01^a
100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl+200 mg·L^-1 GA₃	32.67±1.00^bc	72.67±7.51^a	10.38±1.00^a