植物研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 493-504.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.03.010
王邦欢1, 李嘉欣1, 潘琦1,2, 梁月琴1,3, 吴爱萍1, 俸双娇1, 顾菊1, 杨子祥4, 刘平5, 王超1(
)
收稿日期:2025-12-30
出版日期:2026-05-20
发布日期:2026-05-29
通讯作者:
王超
E-mail:47188127@qq.com
作者简介:王邦欢(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事森林资源培育与利用研究。
基金资助:
Banghuan WANG1, Jiaxin LI1, Qi PAN1,2, Yueqin LIANG1,3, Aiping WU1, Shuangjiao FENG1, Ju GU1, Zixiang YANG4, Ping LIU5, Chao WANG1(
)
Received:2025-12-30
Online:2026-05-20
Published:2026-05-29
Contact:
Chao WANG
E-mail:47188127@qq.com
摘要:
角倍是五倍子的主要生产种类,一般在其开裂前进行采收,探究角倍开裂机制,可为优化五倍子采收策略、提高角倍的产量和质量提供理论支持。以角倍为试验材料,对未开裂角倍与开裂初期(C)、中期(Z)和后期(M)角倍组织结构、激素(赤霉素和脱落酸)水平、转录组与代谢组进行综合分析。结果表明:组织结构上,未开裂角倍薄壁细胞较小(平均直径(31.40±2.38) μm),上表皮细胞较多,而开裂角倍薄壁细胞显著增大(平均直径(93.60±7.10) μm),维管束和裂生道变小;角倍脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)和赤霉素(gibberellin,GA)含量均随开裂程度增加而上升,未开裂角倍ABA和GA含量均较低(9.20、5.41 ng⋅g-1),开裂后期(M)角倍ABA和GA含量均较高(16.35、10.94 ng⋅g-1)。转录组分析发现,未开裂与开裂角倍间存在2 064个差异表达基因,主要富集于植物激素信号转导、淀粉和蔗糖代谢等通路。在ABA和GA合成过程中,GA20OX、ZEP、NCED和AAO基因表达具有显著差异;代谢组分析鉴定出99个显著差异代谢物(74个上调、25个下调),主要富集于聚酮糖单元生物合成、萜类骨架生物合成等通路。联合分析表明,角倍开裂涉及多种基因和代谢物的协同作用,其中差异基因和差异代谢物主要在苯丙素生物合成、植物激素信号转导等通路中显著富集。角倍开裂时其细胞体积、维管束大小等均有变化。有多个通路共同促使角倍开裂,如苯丙素生物合成、黄酮类化合物生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢及植物激素信号转导都对角倍开裂有显著影响。
中图分类号:
王邦欢, 李嘉欣, 潘琦, 梁月琴, 吴爱萍, 俸双娇, 顾菊, 杨子祥, 刘平, 王超. 角倍开裂前后组织结构、激素水平及其分子变化[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(3): 493-504.
Banghuan WANG, Jiaxin LI, Qi PAN, Yueqin LIANG, Aiping WU, Shuangjiao FENG, Ju GU, Zixiang YANG, Ping LIU, Chao WANG. Tissue Structure, Hormone Levels, and Molecular Changes in Horned Galls Before and After Dehiscence[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(3): 493-504.
图3
角倍开裂时结构、激素变化和差异表达基因A.未开裂和开裂角倍切片每200 μm2面积的薄壁细胞和上表皮细胞数量;B.未开裂(W)和开裂(B)角倍维管束、裂生道和薄壁细胞直径;C.1和3为未开裂角倍,2和4为开裂中期的角倍(t.绒毛;ea.上表皮(与空气接触面);pa.薄壁组织;sd.裂生道;vb.维管束);D.不同开裂程度角倍脱落酸质量分数;E.不同开裂程度(W.未开裂;C.开裂初期;Z.开裂中期;M.开裂后期)角倍赤霉素质量分数;F.基因差异表达火山图:log2(FC)为表达量差异倍数的对数值;-lg(P)为P的负对数(以10为底);G.差异表达基因柱状图。*.P=0.033 2;**.P=0.002 1;***.P=0.000 1。
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