植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 627-635.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.014
收稿日期:
2025-02-07
出版日期:
2025-07-20
发布日期:
2025-07-25
通讯作者:
陈发菊
E-mail:schenfj616@163.com
作者简介:
张霞(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事生物化学与分子生物学研究。
基金资助:
Xia ZHANG, Cai ZHOU, Yanyue BIAN, Yanzeqian ZHANG, Faju CHEN()
Received:
2025-02-07
Online:
2025-07-20
Published:
2025-07-25
Contact:
Faju CHEN
E-mail:schenfj616@163.com
摘要:
利用石蜡切片技术观察盐肤木(Rhus chinensis)雌花和雄花的大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体发育,为揭示其性别功能分化提供胚胎发育证据。结果表明:(1)盐肤木花属于完全花,花中的雌蕊或雄蕊选择性退化形成功能性雌花或功能性雄花。(2)功能性雄花的花药发育过程中,小孢子四分体呈正四面体型,成熟花粉粒为2-细胞型;功能性雄花的胚珠能正常发育至单核胚囊,但在二核胚囊至八核胚囊发育过程存在异常,胚囊核消失,最终不能形成可育雌配子体。(3)功能性雌花的胚珠发育过程中,大孢子四分体呈直线型,合点端的功能大孢子发育成八核胚囊,胚囊发育方式为蓼型。功能性雌花的花药发育过程中,绒毡层在造孢细胞时期解体,造孢细胞凋亡,最终花药室萎缩败育。盐肤木的雌、雄配子的发育特征与其他漆树科(Anacardiaceae)植物的发育模式相似,胚珠在二核胚囊至八核胚囊时期发育异常,导致雌蕊败育形成功能性雄花;绒毡层及造孢细胞异常解体,导致雄蕊败育形成功能性雌花。
中图分类号:
张霞, 周财, 卞妍悦, 张颜泽谦, 陈发菊. 盐肤木大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育[J]. 植物研究, 2025, 45(4): 627-635.
Xia ZHANG, Cai ZHOU, Yanyue BIAN, Yanzeqian ZHANG, Faju CHEN. The Megasporogenesis, Microsporogenesis and Development of Female and Male Gametophyte in Rhus chinensis[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(4): 627-635.
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