植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 592-602.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面TiO2-NPs预处理对UV-B胁迫下小麦幼苗生长抑制的缓解效应

王建华1,2, 陈慧泽2, 韩榕2()   

  1. 1.山西电子科技学院环境与生命科学学院,临汾 041000
    2.山西省植物大分子逆境响应重点实验室,太原 030000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-22 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 韩榕 E-mail:hhwrsl@163.com
  • 作者简介:王建华(1988—),男,博士,讲师,主要从事植物逆境胁迫响应相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划项目(20220321212385);山西电子科技学院人才引进科研启动基金项目(2023RKJ025);植物大分子逆境响应山西省重点实验室基金项目(DFZ2024002)

Alleviative Effects of Foliar TiO2-NPs Pretreatment on Wheat Seedling Growth under UV-B Stress

Jianhua WANG1,2, Huize CHEN2, Rong HAN2()   

  1. 1.School of Environmental and Life Sciences,Shanxi University of Electronic Science and Technology,Linfen 041000
    2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Macromolecular Stress Response,Taiyuan 030000
  • Received:2025-03-22 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-25
  • Contact: Rong HAN E-mail:hhwrsl@163.com

摘要:

为了揭示叶面TiO2-NPs(二氧化钛纳米颗粒)预处理对UV-B胁迫下小麦幼苗生长抑制的缓解效应,以小麦(Triticum aestivum)为研究材料,在细胞水平、生理生化水平和基因水平综合研究UV-B胁迫和叶面TiO2-NPs预处理下小麦幼苗有丝分裂、DNA损伤、抗氧化酶系统和抗氧化相关基因表达特征。结果表明:叶面10 mg∙L-1 TiO2-NPs预处理可以显著缓解低剂量(5.04 kJ∙m-2)和高剂量(10.08 kJ∙m-2)UV-B胁迫对小麦幼苗生长的抑制作用。低剂量和高剂量UV-B胁迫下,叶面TiO2-NPs预处理小麦幼苗的株高比对照分别增加44.71%和127.43%,根长分别增加38.92%和159.10%,植株鲜质量分别增加50.03%和78.67%,干质量分别增加37.33%和126.84%。在低剂量和高剂量UV-B胁迫下,叶面TiO2-NPs预处理的小麦根尖细胞有丝分裂异常比例仅为对照的39.57%和28.63%,细胞内部嘧啶二聚体(CPDs)含量也较对照组分别降低了60.43%和48.81%。抗氧化系统相关试验结果显示,在低剂量和高剂量UV-B胁迫下,叶面TiO2-NPs预处理小麦叶片黄酮醇含量分别是对照的1.44倍和1.53倍,黄酮醇合成基因(CHSCHI)和超氧化物歧化酶基因SOD的表达显著上调,提高了植物活性氧(ROS)清除能力。综上,叶面10 mg∙L-1 TiO2-NPs预处理可以显著增强小麦幼苗抗氧化系统活性,减少ROS对植物的损伤效应,提高植物对UV-B胁迫的耐受性。

关键词: 小麦, UV-B胁迫, 二氧化钛纳米颗粒, 抗氧化酶活性, 抗逆性

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to reveal the alleviating effect of foliar pretreatment with TiO2-NPs (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) on the growth of wheat seedlings under UV-B stress. Using T.aestivum as material, the effects of leaf TiO2-NPs pretreatment on mitosis, DNA damage, antioxidant enzyme system, and antioxidant-related genes in the alleviation of UV-B stress were comprehensively studied at the cellular, physiological, biochemical, and genetic levels. The results showed that 10 mgL-1 TiO2-NPs foliar pretreatment significantly alleviated the inhibition of wheat seedling growth under low-(5.04 kJm-2) and high-dose(10.08 kJm-2) UV-B stress conditions. After UV-B stress, plant height of TiO2-NPs-treated wheat seedlings increased by 44.71% and 127.43%, root length increased by 38.92% and 159.10%, fresh weight increased by 50.03% and 78.67%, and dry weight increased by 37.33% and 126.84%, respectively. The proportion of mitotic abnormalities in root tip cells of TiO2-NPs pre-treated wheat seedlings was only 39.57% and 28.63% under low and high doses of UV-B stress, respectively, and the CPDs content in cells decreased by 60.43% and 48.81%, respectively, compared with the control group. TiO2-NPs foliar pretreatment increased the flavonol content by 1.44 times and 1.53 times under low- and high-dose UV-B stress, respectively, significantly increased the expression of flavonol synthesis genes(CHS and CHI) and SOD, and improved the ROS scavenging ability of wheat seedlings. In conclusion, foliar pretreatment with 10 mgL-1 TiO2-NPs significantly improved the activity of plant antioxidant system, reduced the ROS-caused damage on wheat plants, and improved the tolerance of plants to UV-B stress.

Key words: Triticum aestivum, UV-B stress, TiO2-NPs, antioxidant enzyme activity, stress resistance

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