植物研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 681-691.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.05.005
• 植物生殖生物学 • 上一篇
何锦睿1,2, 张雄3, 罗银玲4, 罗艳2, 李青青1,5()
收稿日期:
2024-01-29
出版日期:
2024-09-20
发布日期:
2024-09-24
通讯作者:
李青青
E-mail:doublelqq@163.com
作者简介:
何锦睿(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事动植物互作的生化基础研究。
基金资助:
Jinrui HE1,2, Xiong ZHANG3, Yinling LUO4, Yan LUO2, Qingqing LI1,5()
Received:
2024-01-29
Online:
2024-09-20
Published:
2024-09-24
Contact:
Qingqing LI
E-mail:doublelqq@163.com
摘要:
为揭示梳帽卷瓣兰(Bulbophyllum andersonii)的繁殖特性和传粉机制,在2023年对分布于云南西双版纳的梳帽卷瓣兰野生居群开展了传粉生物学研究,包括开花物候、繁育系统、传粉昆虫、花部微观形态特征及花的挥发性成分等。结果如下:梳帽卷瓣兰的盛花期在7月中旬,单花花期为5 d;繁育系统属于异交并依赖传粉者,自然结实率为26.06%;套袋试验表明自交不亲和,不存在无融合生殖和自动自花授粉现象;唇瓣的铰链结构、传粉通道及宽大的侧萼片等花部特征在传粉过程中发挥重要作用;曲角杆蝇(Gampsocera sp.)是其唯一有效传粉者并在访花过程中表现出舔舐唇瓣的行为;通过扫描电镜观察发现,唇瓣上附着大量的特殊颗粒,可能是访花者的食物报酬;花部挥发性气味主要含有单萜类、芳香类等化合物,其中邻苯乙醚和避蚊胺可能与昆虫访花行为有关。上述研究结果表明,梳帽卷瓣兰的花形态结构与气味适应于曲角杆蝇进行传粉,属于特化传粉系统。
中图分类号:
何锦睿, 张雄, 罗银玲, 罗艳, 李青青. 梳帽卷瓣兰花部特征对蝇类传粉者的适应性[J]. 植物研究, 2024, 44(5): 681-691.
Jinrui HE, Xiong ZHANG, Yinling LUO, Yan LUO, Qingqing LI. Adaptability of Floral Characteristics to a Fly Pollinator in Bulbophyllum andersonii (Orchidaceae)[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(5): 681-691.
表2
梳帽卷瓣兰与传粉者的传粉功能性状比较
物种 Species | 个体数量 n | 入口高/胸高 Height of the entrance or mesothorax/mm | 入口宽/体宽 Width of the entrance or body/mm | 入口深/体长 Length of the entrance or body/mm |
---|---|---|---|---|
梳帽卷瓣兰B. andersonii | 15 | 0.85±0.02a | 0.81±0.02a | 2.47±0.09a |
曲角秆蝇(雌性)Gampsocera sp. | 10 | 0.79±0.01b | 0.72±0.07b | 2.23±0.02b |
曲角秆蝇(雄性)Gampsocera sp. | 10 | 0.78±0.06b | 0.70±0.05b | 2.01±0.03c |
表3
梳帽卷瓣兰挥发性气味检测结果
化合物 Compound | 保留时间 Retention time/min | 相对含量 Relative content/% |
---|---|---|
邻苯乙醚1,2-Dimethoxybenzene | 13.04 | 3.95±0.02 |
(E)-α-佛手柑烯(E)-alpha-bergamotene | 20.91 | 11.80±0.01 |
β-柏木烯Beta-Cedrene | 21.42 | 17.83±0.03 |
马兜铃烯Aristolochene | 22.15 | 26.75±0.01 |
巴伦西亚橘烯Valencene | 22.37 | 6.75±0.01 |
八氢萘Octahydronaphthalene | 22.97 | 3.56±0.01 |
α-蒎烯Alpha-Copaene | 23.07 | 5.93±0.01 |
避蚊胺N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide | 24.36 | 11.69±0.07 |
4,6-二氯嘧啶-5-甲腈4,6-Dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile | 26.46 | 7.38±0.04 |
邻苯二甲酸非5-炔-3-基异丁酯Phthalic acid,isobutyl non-5-yn-3-yl ester | 30.43 | 4.36±0.02 |
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