模拟氮沉降对落叶松人工林土壤呼吸的影响

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2016.04.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场26年生落叶松人工林中,连续2年(2013~2014年)施加NH₄NO₃模拟氮沉降试验((对照(CK,0 g·m^-2·a^-1 N)、低氮(N1,5 g·m^-2·a^-1 N)、中氮(N2,10 g·m^-2·a^-1 N)、高氮(N3,15 g·m^-2·a^-1 N)),研究不同氮沉降水平对土壤呼吸的影响。结果表明:(1)2013年模拟氮沉降处理均促进年平均土壤呼吸速率(P<0.05);(2)2014年中氮和高氮处理抑制年平均土壤呼吸和异养呼吸速率(P<0.05),低氮处理促进年均土壤呼吸速率(P<0.05),对异养呼吸速率影响不显著(P>0.05);(3)土壤微生物生物量碳在低氮处理下显著提高(P<0.05),在中氮和高氮处理下与对照间差异不显著(P>0.05);(4)土壤呼吸速率与5和10 cm土壤温度呈指数正相关关系(P<0.01),相比对照,各土层土壤呼吸温度敏感系数(Q₁₀)均在低氮处理下增加,在中氮和高氮处理下则降低。不同水平的模拟氮沉降改变了土壤呼吸速率及其温度敏感性,表明短期内低水平氮沉降可加快土壤碳排放过程,相对较高水平氮沉降则减缓土壤碳排放过程。

关键词: 落叶松(Larix olgensis), 人工林, 氮沉降, 土壤呼吸, 根呼吸, 异养呼吸

Abstract: A two-year simulated N deposition experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different levels of nitrogen(N)deposition on soil respiration, with four different N supply levels, including control(CK, 0 g·m^-2·a^-1 N), low(N1, 5 g·m^-2·a^-1 N), intermediate(N2, 10 g·m^-2·a^-1 N)and high level(N3, 15 g·m^-2·a^-1 N), in a 26-year-old Larix olgensis plantation forest in Mao'ershan experimental forest farm of northeast forestry university. Average annual soil respiration rate under different treatments was significantly promoted in the first year(P<0.05); Average annual soil respiration rate and heterotrophic respiration rate were significantly decreased under N2 and N3 treatments(P<0.05), respectively, and average annual soil respiration rate was significantly increased(P<0.05), heterotrophic respiration rate had no difference compared with control(P>0.05)under N1 treatment, in the second year. Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly increased under N1 treatment(P<0.05), while N2 and N3 had no difference compared with control(P>0.05); Significantly positive exponential relationship was detected between soil respiration and soil temperature in 5 and 10 cm(P<0.01). The temperature sensitivity of soil respiration(Q₁₀)in both soil layer was increased under N1 treatment and decreased under N2 and N3 treatments compared with control, respectively. Soil respiration rate and its temperature sensitivity were altered under different N deposition levels, suggesting that the progress of soil carbon emission was accelerated under low levels of N deposition and slowed down under relatively high levels of N deposition in a short period.

Key words: Larix olgensis, plantation forest, N deposition, soil respiration, root respiration, heterotrophic respiration

中图分类号:

张娇, 郝龙飞, 王庆成, 付娇娇, 朱凯月. 模拟氮沉降对落叶松人工林土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2016, 36(4): 596-604.

ZHANG Jiao, HAO Long-Fei, WANG Qing-Cheng, FU Jiao-Jiao, ZHU Kai-Yue. Effect of Simulated N Deposition on Soil Respiration in a Larix olgensis Plantation Forest[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(4): 596-604.

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