SDGs 目标6: 清洁饮水和卫生设施

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    1. A new species of Scytonema isolated from Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
    Prashant Singh, Robin Anigo Minz, Kikku Kunui, Zaid Muneef Shaikh, Archana Suradkar, Yogesh S Shouche, Arun Kumar Mishra, Satya Shila Singh
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution    2016, 54 (5): 519-527.   DOI: 10.1111/jse.12202
    摘要678)      收藏
    Filamentous cyanobacterium (strain 10C-PS) isolated from a fresh water body of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India is being described as new species of the polyphyletic genus Scytonema. Phenotypic, molecular and phylogenetic characterization was performed and the combined results validated the strain as a new species. Careful observations of the filaments, presence of a distinctly textured sheath throughout the length of the trichome, differences in the shape and dimensions of the vegetative cells, and heterocytes provided reliable morphological signals that the strain differed from rest of the closely related species. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed 96.89% sequence similarity with Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110 while rbcl and psbA sequencing showed 95% and 92% similarities with Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110 and Nostoc sp. PCC 7524 respectively while the nifD gene sequence similarity was found to be 96% with Scytonema hofmanni PCC 7110. The PC-IGS region was sequenced and concatenated cpcB, IGS and cpcA regions indicated 97% closest similarity with Scytonema sp. PCC 7110 and Scytonema bohnerii Ind24. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses gave a strong pattern of distinct clustering in case of all the molecular markers. The phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic observations prove conclusively that the strain 10C-PS is a new species in the genus Scytonema with the name proposed being Scytonema bilaspurensis.
    2. A new Arisaema species from Guangxi and first report of A. austroyunnanense from Hainan, China
    Guang-Wan HU,Heng LI,Yan LIU,Ying TAN, Chun-Lin LONG
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution    2012, 50 (6): 577-578.   DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00229_5.x
    摘要870)      收藏
    3. Chloropyrula uraliensis gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a new green coccoid alga with a unique ultrastructure, isolated from soil in South Urals
    Lira GAYSINA, Yvonne NĚMCOVÁ, Pavel ŠKALOUD, Tereza ŠEVČÍKOVÁ, Marek ELIÁŠ
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution    2013, 51 (4): 476-484.   DOI: 10.1111/jse.12014
    摘要903)      收藏
    Soil hosts diverse communities of photosynthetic eukaryotes (algae) that have not yet been fully explored. Here we describe an interesting coccoid green alga isolated from a soil sample from a forest-steppe in South Urals (Bashkortostan, Russia) that, based on a phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequence, appears to represent a new phylogenetic lineage related to the genus Leptosira within the class Trebouxiophyceae. This new alga is characterized by uninucleate cells with a shape ranging from spherical to ellipsoid or egg-like, occurring solitary or more often grouped in irregular masses or colonies. Remarkably, cells with a characteristic pyriform shape are encountered in cultures grown on a solid medium. The cells harbour a single pyrenoid-lacking parietal chloroplast with the margin undulated or forming finger-like projections; in mature cells the chloroplast becomes divided by deep incisions into more or less separate lobes. Transmission electron microscopy of vegetative cells revealed an unprecedented structure in the form of a cluster of microfibrils located in the cytoplasm near the plasma membrane, often appressed to the chloroplast. Reproduction takes place via autospores or biflagellated zoospores. The unique suite of characters of our isolate distinguishes it from previously described coccoid green algae and suggests that it should be classified as a new species in a new genus; we propose it be named Chloropyrula uraliensis.

    4. Evolution of the Chlorophyta: Insights from chloroplast phylogenomic analyses
    Ling Fang, Frederik Leliaert, Zhen-Hua Zhang, David Penny, Bo-Jian Zhong
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution    2017, 55 (4): 322-332.   DOI: 10.1111/jse.12248
    摘要504)      收藏
    Green plants comprise two main clades: the Streptophyta, which include charophyte green algae and the embryophytic land plants, and the Chlorophyta including a wide diversity of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial green algae. Establishing a robust phylogeny is important to provide an evolutionary framework for comparative and functional studies. During the last two decades our understanding of the evolution of green algae has profoundly changed, first by phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal sequence data (mainly 18S), and more recently by analyses of multi-gene and chloroplast genomic data. The phylogenetic relationships among the main streptophytan lineages have been extensively studied and are now relatively well resolved. Although a lot of progress has been made in the last few years, the phylogenetic relationships in the Chlorophyta are still less well established. Here we review how chloroplast genomic data have contributed to address relationships among the main chlorophytan lineages. We highlight recent progress and conflicts among different studies, and discuss future directions in chloroplast phylogenomics of green algae.
    5. Growth and Contaminant Removal Effect of Several Plants in Constructed Wetlands
    Xiu-Yun Cheng, Ming-Qiu Liang, Wen-Yin Chen, Xu-Cheng Liu and Zhang-He Chen
    J Integr Plant Biol    2009, 51 (3): 325-335.   DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00804.x
    摘要1954)      收藏

    The aim of the present study is to probe the relation between plant growth and its decontamination effect in constructed wetlands. Four species were studied in the small-scale mono-cultured constructed wetlands, which were fed with domestic wastewater. Plant rowth indexes were correlated with contaminant removal performance of the constructed wetlands. Wetlands planted with Cyperus flabelliformis Rottb. showed the highest growth indexes such as shoot growth, biomass, root activity, root biomass increment, and the highest contaminant removal rates, whereas wetlands planted with Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash had the lowest growth indexes and the lowest removal rates. Above-ground biomass and total biomass were significantly correlated with ammonia nitrogen removal, and below-ground biomass with soluble reactive phosphorus removal. Photosynthetic rate had higher correlation with nitrogen removal in these species. Root activity and root biomass increment was more correlated with 5 d biochemical oxygen demand removal. Chemical oxygen demand removal had lower correlations with plant growth indexes. All four species had higher removal rates in summer and autumn. The results suggest that the effect of plant growth on contaminant removal in constructed wetlands were different specifically in plants and contaminants. 

    Cheng XY, Liang MQ, Chen WY, Liu XC, Chen ZH (2009). Growth and contaminant removal effect of several plants in constructed wetlands. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 51(3), 325–335.

    被引次数: Baidu(28)
    6. Trends of Superoxide Dismutase and Soluble Protein of Aquatic Plants in Lakes of Different Trophic Levels in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China
    Ai-Ping Wu, Te Cao, Shi-Kai Wu, Le-Yi Ni, and Ping Xie
    J Integr Plant Biol    2009, 51 (4): 414-422.   DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00814.x
    发布日期: 2009-03-30
    摘要1966)      收藏

    A limnological study was carried out to determine the responses of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and soluble protein (SP) contents of 11 common aquatic plants to eutrophication stress. Field investigation in 12 lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was carried out from March to September 2004. Our results indicated that nonsubmersed (emergent and floating-leafed) plants and submersed plants showed different responses to eutrophication stress. Both SOD activities of the non-submersed and submersed plants were negatively correlated with their SP contents (P < 0.000 1). SP contents of non-submersed plants were significantly correlated with all nitrogen variables in the water (P < 0.05), whereas SP contents of submersed plants were only significantly correlated with carbon variables as well as ammonium and Secchi depth (SD) in water (P < 0.05). Only SOD activities of submersed plants were decreased with decline of SD in water (P < 0.001). Our results indicate that the decline of SOD activities of submersed plants were mainly caused by light limitation, this showed a coincidence with the decline of macrophytes in eutrophic lakes, which might imply that the antioxidant system of the submersed plants were impaired under eutrophication stress.

    Wu AP, Cao T, Wu SK, Ni LY, Xie P (2009) Trends of superoxide dismutase and soluble protein of aquatic plants in lakes of different trophic levels in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 51(4), 414–422.

    7. Fragment Propagation and Colonization Ability Enhanced and Varied at Node Level after Escaping from Apical Dominance in Submerged Macrophytes
    Jinhui Jiang, Shuqing An, Changfang Zhou, Baohua Guan, Zhiyi Sun, Ying Cai and Fude Liu
    J Integr Plant Biol    2009, 51 (3): 308-315.   DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00732.x
    摘要1603)      收藏

    Aquatic plants develop strong fragment propagation and colonization ability to endure the natural disturbances. However, detailed research of ability to endure the natural disturbances has been lacking to date. Therefore, reproduction (shoot) and colonization (root) of shoot fragments of Potamogeton crispus L. with or without apices were investigated for the effect of apical dominance, and the growth of decapitated shoot fragments at three lengths (2, 4, 6 cm) was compared. Meanwhile, fragment propagation at levels of bud position was studied for bud position effect after escaping from apical dominance. The results showed significant increases occurred in the outgrowth of lateral branches on fragments decapitated compared with the fragments with apices, implying that apical dominance exists. Different lengths of fragments showed little difference in biomass allocations, but significant differences were noted in their propagation. Meanwhile, the effect of bud position was verified, due to the significant difference of average reproduction per node among the three length groups. Thus, the present study has made progress in the current understanding of aquatic plant dispersion among natural systems and contributes to improve methods of in vitro propagation for re-implantation purposes. 

    Jiang J, An S, Zhou C, Guan B, Sun Z, Cai Y, Liu F (2009). Fragment propagation and colonization ability enhanced and varied at node level after escaping from apical dominance in submerged macrophytes. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 51(3), 308–315.

    被引次数: Baidu(27)
    8. Effects of Glycerol on the Fluorescence Spectra and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, (Bacillariophyta)
    Xiao-Juan Liu, Shun-Shan Duan, Ai-Fen Li and Kai-Feng Sun
    J Integr Plant Biol    2009, 51 (3): 272-278.   DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00767.x
    发布日期: 2008-11-12
    摘要1710)      收藏

    Responses of the photosynthetic activity of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyta) to organic carbon glycerol were investigated. The growth rate, photosynthetic pigments, 77 K fluorescence spectra, and chloroplast ultrastructure of P. tricornutum were examined under photoautotrophic, mixotrophic, and photoheterotrophic conditions. The results showed that the specific growth rate was the fastest under mixotrophic conditions. The cell photosynthetic pigment content and values of Chl a/Chl c were reduced under mixotrophic and photoheterotrophic conditions. The value of carotenoid/Chl a was enhanced under mixotrophic conditions, but was decreased under photoheterotrophic conditions. In comparison with photoautotrophic conditions, the fluorescence emission peaks and fluorescence excitation peaks were not shifted. The relative fluorescence of photosystem (PS) I and PS II and the values of F685/F710 and F685/F738 were decreased. Chloroplast thylakoid pairs were less packed under mixotrophic and photoheterotrophic conditions. There was a strong correlation between degree of chloroplast thylakoid packing and the excitation energy kept in PS II. These results suggested that the PS II activity was reduced by glycerol under mixotrophic conditions, thereby leading to repression of the photosynthetic activity. 

    Liu XJ, Duan SS, Li AF, Sun KF (2009). Effects of glycerol on the fluorescence spectra and chloroplast ultrastructure of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyta). J. Integr. Plant Biol. 51(3), 272–278.

    9. Loss of algal Proton Gradient Regulation 5 increases reactive oxygen species scavenging and H2 evolution
    Mei Chen, Jin Zhang, Lei Zhao, Jiale Xing, Lianwei Peng, Tingyun Kuang, Jean-David Rochaix, and Fang Huang
    J Integr Plant Biol    2016, 58 (12): 943-946.   DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12502
    发布日期: 2016-10-20
    摘要797)      英文版    收藏
    We identified and characterized a Chlamydomonas mutant (hpm91) lacking PGR5 which can produce H2 for 25 days with a more than 30-fold increase in yield as compared to wild type. This capacity exceeds that of another pgr5 mutant and qualifies hpm91 as the algal strain with the highest H2-photoproduction.
    10. 1959-2021年间热带雨林区域的蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势
    Yan Jin, Ying Zhang, Xin Yang, Mou Zhang, Xin-Bo Guo, Yun Deng, Yue-Hua Hu, Hua-Zheng Lu, Zheng-Hong Tan
    Journal of Plant Ecology    2024, 17 (1): 0-rtad033.   DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtad033

    预出版日期: 2023-09-30
    摘要68)      PDF (2177KB)(42)    收藏
    1959-2021年间热带雨林区域的蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势蒸发皿蒸发量(Epan)是衡量大气蒸发需求的重要指标。基于物理模型对西双版纳热带植物园中热带雨林综合气象观测场(XTBG气象站)的气象资料进行分析,有助于提高我们对西双版纳热带雨林区域水文循环状况的认识。本文利用1959-2021年的观测资料,研究了Epan的长期变化趋势,并进行了趋势检验、周期性评价和突变分析等相关分析。基于1979-2008年D20 Epan数据和相关气象资料,利用Penman-Monteith和PenPan模型对Epan进行模拟,采用偏微分归因法分析了影响Epan的主导因素。研究结果表明,Epan具有明显的周期变化,19 a为第一主周期。而且,西双版纳地区存在明显的‘蒸发悖论’现象。Epan在1959-2008年和2009-2018年均呈下降趋势,其中1959-2008年下降幅度达到显著水平,为-3.404 mm  a-2。通过对比分析,认为PenPan模型更适合用于模拟西双版纳地区的Epan。为了确定影响Epan的主要气象因子,选取了D20蒸发皿完整监测时期的数据(1979-2008)进行归因计算。太阳净辐射和饱和蒸汽压差的减小趋势可以有效抵消气温上升对Epan的促进作用。因此,净辐射和饱和蒸汽压差的变化是西双版纳‘蒸发悖论’现象的主要触发因素。
    11. 青藏高原冻土区高寒草甸能量分配及蒸散发影响因子
    Zhaoyong Hu, Genxu Wang, Xiangyang Sun, Kewei Huang, Chunlin Song, Yang Li, Shouqin Sun, Juying Sun, Shan Lin
    Journal of Plant Ecology    2024, 17 (1): 0-rtae002.   DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtae002

    预出版日期: 2024-01-06
    摘要65)      PDF (2732KB)(39)    收藏
    高寒草甸的能量分配和蒸散发对青藏高原多年冻土区水循环至关重要。然而,能量分配、蒸散发及其驱动因素的季节变化(冻融循环)仍需要明确。因此,本研究在位于青藏高原风火山流域的高寒草甸进行了为期4年的能量通量(包括潜热和感热)观测,并估算了大气边界参数(包括表面导度,解耦系数和Priestley-Taylor系数)。研究结果表明,研究区日均潜热(27.45 ± 23.89 W/m2)和显热(32.51 ± 16.72W/m2)分别占可利用能量的31.71%和50.14%。在降雨期,更多可利用能量被分配到潜热;而在冻结期,67.54 ± 28.44%的可利用能量分配给显热。显热在降雨期间是潜热的一半,而由于冻结期较低的土壤水分含量及植被盖度,显热在冻结期间是潜热的7倍。研究区年均蒸散发为347.34 ± 8.39 mm/year,接近年均降水量。较低的日均解耦系数(0.45 ± 0.23)和Priestley-Taylor系数(0.60 ± 0.29)表明高寒草甸的蒸散发受水分供应限制。然而,在降雨期由于降水充足,蒸散发受到可利用能量的限制。在过渡期,蒸散发和降水之间存在较大差异,表明在该季节上游冰川和雪的融水通过侧向流动补给到土壤中。本研究的结果表明,在未来模拟多年冻土区水和能量通量时应考虑大气边界参数的季节变化。
    12. 不同来源生活污水对泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放的影响及其驱动因素
    Yue Li, Zhongbing Chen, Xue Wang, Haibo Jiang, Chunguang He, Yao Shi, Lianxi Sheng
    Journal of Plant Ecology    2024, 17 (5): 1-13.   DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtae020
    发布日期: 2024-03-26

    预出版日期: 2024-03-26
    摘要57)      PDF (3350KB)(34)    收藏
    污水直接排放可能会增加土壤N2O排放量,加剧温室效应。然而,污水排放到泥炭沼泽湿地对N2O通量的影响、主要驱动因素和影响机制尚不清楚。此外,研究再生水对N2O通量的影响对于泥炭沼泽湿地生态补水以及缓解水资源短缺具有重要意义。本研究通过模拟不同来源生活污水输入泥炭沼泽湿地的实验,测定了不同处理下N2O排放通量、土壤理化性质(有机碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、全磷、速效磷、pH和电导率)、植物参数(物种丰富度和生物量)和土壤氮循环微生物关键功能基因丰度(AOA、napA、nirS、nirK 和nosZ)。结果表明,再生水处理未显著改变泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放通量,50%的自来水混合50%的生活污水处理、生活污水处理显著增加了泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放通量。在土壤因子中,有效氮和pH是影响N2O通量的关键因子;在植物参数中,物种丰富度是影响N2O通量的重要因子;氮循环功能基因主导泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放,对N2O排放通量增加的贡献最大。随着污水输入量的增加,AOA、napA、nirS、nirKnosZ基因丰度的增加促进了硝化和反硝化过程,导致泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放通量增加。综上,生活污水会通过影响土壤、植物和微生物进而促进泥炭沼泽湿地N2O排放,因而应被引起高度关注;处理过的再生水很可能是一种环境友好型的泥炭沼泽湿地补水水源。
    13. 蓝藻水华影响高原城市湿地沉积物微生物群落结构和功能演替
    Yi Wu, Xiaoyan Wei, Xufeng Mao, Xiuhua Song, Xijie Wei, Shunbang Xie, Hongyan Yu, Lele Zhang, Yongxiao Yang
    Journal of Plant Ecology    2024, 17 (5): 1-13.   DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtae038
    发布日期: 2024-04-29

    预出版日期: 2024-04-29
    摘要30)      PDF (3643KB)(20)    收藏
    水华暴发显著影响湿地生态系统微生物群落特征。然而,对水华暴发如何影响沉积物微生物群落演替的认识仍不清楚。本研究调查了青藏高原城市湿地水华生消过程中沉积物细菌群落演替的动态特征。根据水环境特征的变化情况,将水华划分为3个时期:暴发期、消亡期和结束期。研究结果表明,湿地水华以蓝藻门的微囊藻为优势种,其丰度和生物量均在暴发期达到峰值,分别为45.78 × 105 cells/L 和5.97 mg/L。沉积物细菌群落多样性呈单调上升趋势。蓝藻水华降低了放线菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度,增加了变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门的相对丰度。此外,蓝藻水华显著降低了沉积物细菌群落互作网络的复杂度。曼特尔检验表明,浮游植物生物量、水温、溶解氧和有机碳是影响沉积物细菌群落演替的关键因素。上述研究结果对利用微生物进行水华生态治理具有重要启示。
    14. 不同大气强迫数据驱动下陆面模式CLM4.5对青藏高原净初级生产力和实际蒸散发模拟性能评估
    Shan Lin, Kewei Huang, Xiangyang Sun, Chunlin Song, Juying Sun, Shouqin Sun, Genxu Wang, Zhaoyong Hu
    Journal of Plant Ecology    2024, 17 (4): 0-rtae052.   DOI: 10.1093/jpe/rtae052
    发布日期: 2024-06-11

    预出版日期: 2024-06-11
    摘要132)      PDF (3735KB)(51)    收藏
    陆面模式中碳水过程模拟的准确性很大程度依赖于大气驱动数据。因此,选取适当的大气强迫数据可以有效减少陆面模式在高海拔地区水碳过程模拟的不确定性。本研究利用4套常用大气强迫数据(CRUNCEP、ITPCAS、GSWP3和WFDEI)分别驱动陆面模式CLM4.5,开展青藏高原净初级生产力(NPP)和实际蒸散发(ET)模拟试验;结合原位观测等多源参照数据,从多个时空尺度评估4套大气强迫数据在NPP和ET模拟中的表现。相较于原位观测的NPP和ET,4组试验模拟的NPP和ET的决定系数分别在0.58–0.84以及0.59–0.87之间,其中基于GSWP3和ITPCAS驱动的模拟表现更佳。在区域尺度上,基于CRUNCEP驱动的模拟结果相较于参照NPP和ET偏差最大。基于GSWP3驱动的模拟在青藏高原NPP、ET的量级及变化趋势方面都表现最为优异。基于ITPCAS驱动数据模拟的青藏高原ET在1982–2010年间的增加趋势显著高于参照ET和其他3组模拟结果,表明ITPCAS可能并不适用于青藏高原ET的长期变化研究。总体而言,GSWP3大气驱动数据总体表现最优,适合用于驱动CLM4.5开展青藏高原碳水过程的长期模拟研究。本研究结果可为提高陆面模式在高寒区碳水模拟的准确性提供参考。