Comparative Research on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Three Poplar Varieties Grown in Western Heilongjiang

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.05.014

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of unmached species to site for poplar plantations in western Songnen Plain， three poplar varieties， namely HQ（P. euramericana ‘N3016’×P. ussuriensis）， LF（P. deltoides×P. simonii ‘LongFeng-1’） and 2111Y（Populus euramericana（Dode） cv. ‘DN113’） grown in western Heilongjiang as materials， the growth parameters， stoichiometric relationship of branches and leaves， and physiological characteristics of leaves were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the averaged annual radial growth rate was in a range of 2.32-2.84 cm·a^-1， of which LF had the highest radial growth rate， followed by 2111Y， significantly higher than that of HQ. A binomial function relationship between stem diameter and stem height existed in the poplar varieties. Branch water contents of LF and 2111Y were significantly higher than that of HQ（P<0.05）. Specific leaf area of LF was higher than that of the other poplar varieties. There were significant differences in elements content and their stoichiometric ratio in the twigs and leaves of high-class twigs. Among them， the N and K contents in leaves and twigs of LF were the highest， followed by 2111Y， and HQ； P content in leaves of 2111Y was higher than that of the other poplars. Leaf C-to-N ratios of the three poplar varieties were in the range of 19.41-21.65； C-to-P ratios in the range of 6.01-9.40. There were significant differences in leaf C and N metabolism levels of the three poplar varieties. Among them， leaf content of soluble sugar， starch， and non-structure carbohydrates of HQ were higher than those of LF and 2111Y， and the contents ofNO3-andNH4+were higher than those of 2111Y， whereas leaf free amino acid content of HQ was lower than that of the other poplars. There was significant difference in plant hormone levels among the three poplar varieties， with salicylic acid contents in leaves of HQ and abscisic acid content in leaves of 2111Y significantly lower than the other poplars. The auxin content of LF leaves was lower than that of 2111Y leaves. There was no difference in leaf gibberellin content among the poplar varieties.

Key words: Populus, Songnen Plain, biomass, water content, carbon and nitrogen metabolisms, plant hormone

CLC Number:

Q945

Zheng ZHANG, Peng ZHANG. Comparative Research on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Three Poplar Varieties Grown in Western Heilongjiang[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2025, 45(5): 807-815.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Comparison of leaf nitrogen metabolite level of three poplar varieties grown in west Songnen Plain

树种 Poplar	ω
树种 Poplar	硝态氮 $N O 3 -$ -N/（mg·kg^-1）	铵态氮 $N H 4 +$ -N/（mg·kg^-1）	游离氨基酸 AAs/（mg·g^-1）	可溶性蛋白 Cpr/（mg·g^-1）
黑青杨 HQ	302.40±41.59^a	52.64±1.20^a	0.26±0.01^c	108.30±4.57^a
龙丰1号杨 LF	337.05±36.82^a	47.66±0.98^b	0.30±0.02^b	103.86±2.07^a
齐林1号杨 2111Y	174.65±43.80^b	52.44±2.21^a	0.37±0.03^a	87.62±9.35^b

Table 5

Table 6

References 22

[1]	胡彦波，张鹏，张政，等.松嫩平原西部３种杨树生长、木材属性及形态生理学特征比较［J］.生态学杂志，2024，43（10）：2945-2952.
	HU Y B， ZHANG P， ZHANG Z，et al.Comparison on growth performance，wood properties，and morpho-physiological characters among three poplar species in western Songnen Plain［J］.Chinese Journal of Ecology，2024，43（10）：2945-2952.
[2]	朴志勇，赵存玉，王晓娟，等.小黑杨引种及山地速生丰产栽培技术［J］.东北林业大学学报，2004，32（4）：9-11.
	PIAO Z Y， ZHAO C Y， WANG X J，et al.Introduction of Populus simonii×P.nigra and its fast-growing and high-yield cultivation techniques in mountainous region［J］.Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2004，32（4）：9-11.
[3]	王云铭，关丽鹏，赵清峰，等.齐齐哈尔地区小黑杨生长过程研究［J］.防护林科技，2008（4）：33-35.
	WANG Y M， GUANG L P， ZHAO Q F，et al.Growth process of Populus simonii×P.nigra in Qiqihar region［J］.Protection Forest Science and Technology，2008（4）：33-35.
[4]	李晶，王福森，李树森，等.中雄4号杨选育研究［J］.防护林科技，2020（1）：31-34.
	LI J， WANG F S， LI S S，et al.Selection of Populus deltoides×Populus suaveolens ［J］.Protection Forest Science and Technology，2020（1）：31-34.
[5]	于东阳，梅芳，王军辉，等.杨树新杂种无性系生长与材性的联合选择［J］.东北林业大学学报，2014，42（2）：10-16.
	YU D Y， MEI F， WANG J H，et al.Joint selection for growth and wood properties in poplar hybrid clones［J］.Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2014，42（2）：10-16.
[6]	徐晶，崔莹，王福森，等.东北地区不同间伐强度青山杨人工林生长及木材性状变异［J］.植物研究，2024，44（2）：248-258.
	XU J， CUI Y， WANG F S，et al.Growth and wood character variation of Populus pseudo-cathyana×Populus deltoides plantation with different thinning intensity in northeast China［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2024，44（2）：248-258.
[7]	张宏伟，王福森.杂交新品种黑青杨的生长、抗性调查研究［J］.防护林科技，2012（5）：48-49.
	ZHANG H W， WANG F S.Growth & resistance of new hybrid varieties of Populus euramericana “N3016”×Populus ussuriensis ［J］.Protection Forest Science and Technology，2012（5）：48-49.
[8]	孙国语，马晓雨，易嘉欣，等.养分供给对黑青杨等杨树生长动态及养分分配的影响［J］.植物研究，2021，41（5）：690-699.
	SUN G Y， MA X Y， YI J X，et al.Effects of nutrient supply on growth dynamics and nutrient allocation of poplars［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2021，41（5）：690-699.
[9]	张婧，张伟溪，丁昌俊，等.五个杨树品种生长、光合生理及根尖离子流速特性比较分析［J］.植物研究，2024，44（1）：96-106.
	ZHANG J， ZHANG W X， DING C J，et al.Comparative analysis of growth，photosynthetic physiology and root tip ion flow characteristics of five poplar varieties［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2024，44（1）：96-106.
[10]	李潇，王汉时，王宏星，等.灌溉和施肥对‘新林1号’杨生长和光合生理特性的影响［J］.植物研究，2025，45（1）：77-87.
	LI X， WANG H S， WANG H X，et al.Effects of irrigation and fertilization on growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Populus cathayana×canadansis ‘Xinlin1’［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2025，45（1）：77-87.
[11]	任天梦，鲍雨，苏亚勋，等.不同修枝处理对10年生三倍体毛白杨生长和光合特性的影响［J］.植物研究，2023，43（6）：846-856.
	REN T M， BO Y， SU Y X，et al.Effects of different pruning treatments on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of 10-year-old triploid Populus tomentosa ［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2023，43（6）：846-856.
[12]	曹昊阳，杜阿朋，许宇星，等.尾巨桉人工林生物量分配格局的林龄效应及异速生长方程优化［J］.浙江农林大学学报，2024，41（6）：1124-1133.
	CAO H Y， DU A P， XU Y X，et al.Age effect on biomass distribution pattern and optimization of allometricgrowth equation in Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis plantations［J］.Journal of Zhejiang A&F University，2024，41（6）：1124-1133.
[13]	龙嘉翼，赵宇萌，孔祥琦，等.观赏灌木小枝和叶性状在林下庇荫环境中的权衡关系［J］.生态学报，2018，38（22）：8022-8030.
	LONG J Y， ZHAO Y M， KONG X Q，et al.Trade-offs between twig and leaf traits of ornamental shrubs grown in shade［J］.Acta Ecologica Sinica，2018，38（22）：8022-8030.
[14]	杨冬梅，毛林灿，彭国全.小枝内生物量分配关系研究：异速生长分析［J］.植物研究，2011，31（4）：472-477.
	YANG D M， MAO L C， PENG G Q.Within-twig biomass allocation in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved species：allometric scaling analyses［J］.Bulletin of Botanical Research，2011，31（4）：472-477.
[15]	ZHAO H Z， JIANG Y， ZHANG B，et al.Hydraulic efficiency at the whole tree level stably correlated with productivity over years in 9 poplar hybrids clones［J］.Forest Ecology and Management，2021，496：119382.
[16]	ZHAO H， HUANG X， MA B L，et al.Productive poplar genotypes exhibited temporally stable low stem embolism resistance and hydraulic resistance segmentation at the stem-leaf transition［J］.Plant，Cell & Environment，2025，48：992-1004.
[17]	靖磊，周延，吕偲，等.洞庭湖湿地３个林龄杨树人工林叶与土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征［J］.生态学报，2018，38（18）：6530-6538.
	JING L， ZHOU Y， LÜ C，et al.Characterization of the soil and leaf C，N，and P stoichiometry of poplar plantations of three different stand ages in Dongting Lake wetland，China［J］.Acta Ecologica Sinica，2018，38（18）：6530-6538.
[18]	王亚飞，杨红青，周欧，等.水氮耦合下高密度毛白杨纸浆林树木各器官化学计量特征［J］.北京林业大学学报，2023，45（12）：68-79.
	WANG Y F， YANG H Q， ZHOU O，et al.Chemical stoichiometry characteristics of various organs of trees in high-density Populus tomentosa pulp forests under water-nitrogen coupling［J］.Journal of Beijing Forestry University，2023，45（12）：68-79.
[19]	KOERSELMAN W， MEULEMAN A F M.The vegetation N∶P ratio：a new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation［J］.Journal of Applied Ecology，1996，33：1441-1450.
[20]	HU Y B， LI C M， JIANG L P，et al.Growth performance and nitrogen allocation within leaves of two poplar clones after exponential and conventional nitrogen applications［J］.Plant Physiology and Biochemistry，2020，154（9）：530-537.
[21]	HU Y B， PEUKE A D， ZHAO X Y，et al.Effects of simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition on foliar chemistry and physiology of hybrid poplar seedlings［J］.Plant Physiology and Biochemistry，2019，143：94-108.
[22]	BERRILL J P， O’ HARA K L.Estimating site productivity in irregular stand structures by indexing the basal area or volume increment of the dominant species［J］.Canadian Journal of Forestry Research，2014，44：92-100.

树种 Poplar	含水率 Water content/%			叶枝质量比 m_L∶m_B				叶鲜质量与叶面积比 m_L∶A_L/（g·cm^-2）
树种 Poplar	树干 Stem	枝 Branch	叶 Leaf	整枝（干） Branch（Dry）	整枝（鲜） Branch（Fresh）	1级小枝（鲜）ClassⅠtwig （Fresh）	2级小枝（鲜） Class Ⅱ twig （Fresh）	叶鲜质量与叶面积比 m_L∶A_L/（g·cm^-2）
黑青杨 HQ	55±3^a	47±15^b	60±5^a	0.34±0.06^a	0.41±0.10^a	1.08±0.51^a	1.50±1.07^a	0.017 3±0.002 1^b
龙丰1号杨 LF	57±1^a	52±9^a	67±7^a	0.19±0.03^b	0.30±0.09^a	0.47±0.34^a	1.33±1.40^a	0.019 1±0.003 7^a
齐林1号杨 2111Y	58±2^a	54±12^a	64±06^a	0.20±0.09^ab	0.33±0.16^a	0.58±0.47^a	1.43±1.29^a	0.015 2±0.002 4^c

树种 Poplar	3级小枝 Third-class twigs（T_Ⅲ）
树种 Poplar	ω（C_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（C_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（C_L）∶ m（C_T）	ω（N_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（N_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（N_L）∶ m（N_T）	ω（K_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（K_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（K_L）∶ m（K_T）	ω（P_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（P_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（P_L）∶ m（P_T）
黑青杨 HQ	464.87±3.75^c	418.01±5.53^c	0.90±0.01^b	3.12±0.07^c	19.30±0.22^c	6.19±0.12^a	6.15±0.10^c	18.83±2.47^a	3.07±0.41^a	1.04±0.54^a	2.17±0.08^c	2.52±0.91^a
龙丰1号杨 LF	485.03±3.99^a	432.42±6.02^b	0.89±0.01^b	4.93±0.40^a	21.88±0.34^a	4.47±0.37^c	8.20±0.10^a	19.41±2.49^a	2.37±0.30^b	1.44±0.48^a	2.33±0.12^b	1.78±0.52^b
齐林1号杨 2111Y	478.76±5.95^b	455.38±6.47^a	0.95±0.02^a	4.36±0.17^b	21.12±0.24^b	4.85±0.20^b	7.13±0.09^b	17.83±2.49^a	2.50±0.34^b	1.23±0.51^a	2.48±0.18^a	2.32±0.78^a
树种 Poplar	4级小枝 Fourth-class twigs（T_Ⅳ）
树种 Poplar	ω（C_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（C_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（C_L）∶ m（C_T）	ω（N_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（N_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（N_L）∶ m（N_T）	ω（K_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（K_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（K_L）∶ m（K_T）	ω（P_T）/ （g·kg^-1）	ω（P_L）/ （g·kg^-1）	m（P_L）∶ m（P_T）
黑青杨 HQ	442.43±4.49^c	434.38±5.49^c	0.98±0.02^b	4.13±0.17^c	20.78±0.33^c	5.04±0.17^a	6.98±0.23^c	18.65±2.37^b	2.67±0.33^a	1.57±0.49^a	3.42±0.24^b	2.47±1.07^a
龙丰1号杨 LF	471.05±10.95^a	445.68±5.90^b	0.95±0.03^c	6.99±0.13^a	22.96±0.38^a	3.29±0.07^c	9.76±0.08^a	21.30±2.58^a	2.18±0.27^b	1.79±0.26^a	3.55±0.06^b	2.02±0.27^b
齐林1号杨2111Y	455.26±2.86^b	476.10±3.96^a	1.05±0.01^a	5.41±0.16^b	22.64±0.41^b	4.19±0.17^b	8.13±0.11^b	18.92±2.51^b	2.33±0.33^b	1.61±0.34^a	3.77±0.06^a	2.43±0.44^a

树种 Poplar	T_Ⅲ				T_Ⅳ
树种 Poplar	m（C_T）∶m（N_T）	m（C_L）∶m（N_L）	m（N_T）∶m（P_T）	m（N_L）∶m（P_L）	m（C_T）∶m（N_T）	m（C_L）∶m（N_L）	m（N_T）∶m（P_T）	m（N_L）∶m（P_L）
黑青杨 HQ	149.05±3.46^a	21.65±0.31^a	3.39±1.54^a	8.89±0.37^b	107.39±4.06^a	20.91±0.41^b	2.93±1.22^b	6.08±0.41^b
龙丰1号杨 LF	99.09±8.43^c	19.77±0.35^b	3.79±1.24^a	9.40±0.41^a	67.45±2.09^c	19.41±0.24^c	3.98±0.55^a	6.47±0.16^a
齐林1号杨 2111Y	109.92±4.74^b	21.56±0.38^a	4.08±1.34^a	8.55±0.63^c	84.29±2.68^b	21.03±0.39^a	3.48±0.63^a	6.01±0.15^b

树种 Poplar	ω/（mg·g^-1）							碳同化酶活性 Rubisco activity/ （nmol∙min^-1∙g^-1）
树种 Poplar	叶绿素a Chla	叶绿素b Chlb	叶绿素 Chl	可溶性糖 SS	蔗糖 SU	淀粉 ST	非结构碳水化合物 NSC	碳同化酶活性 Rubisco activity/ （nmol∙min^-1∙g^-1）
黑青杨 HQ	0.60±0.12^a	0.33±0.02^a	0.93±0.14^a	38.59±3.56^a	17.40±1.20^a	30.67±2.21^a	69.26±5.69^a	84.40±9.12^a
龙丰1号杨 LF	0.63±0.04^a	0.30±0.02^a	0.93±0.06^a	33.58±2.08^b	18.81±1.28^a	24.07±1.89^b	57.65±1.18^b	66.45±15.24^a
齐林1号杨 2111Y	0.73±0.07^a	0.34±0.03^a	1.07±0.09^a	31.10±0.57^b	9.05±0.45^b	24.67±1.45^b	55.77±1.90^b	77.66±35.66^a

树种 Poplar	ω
树种 Poplar	生长素 IAA/（μg∙mg^-1）	脱落酸 ABA/（μg∙mg^-1）	水杨酸 SA/（μg∙g^-1）	赤霉素 GA/（μg∙g^-1）
黑青杨 HQ	0.92±0.02^ab	3.30±0.21^ab	1.59±0.07^b	0.91±0.03^a
龙丰1号杨 LF	0.90±0.10^b	3.43±0.07^a	1.90±0.07^a	0.93±0.13^a
齐林1号杨 2111Y	1.01±0.01^a	3.04±0.04^b	1.78±0.12^a	0.98±0.07^a