Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rhododendron nivale in Tibetan, China using AFLP Markers

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2017.01.012

Abstract

Abstract: To determine the correlation among genetic variations, the geographic location of a population, and factors that influence high-level genetic diversity, the genetic diversity of 135 Rhododendron nivale samples was studied using amplified fragment length polymorphisms(AFLP). A total of 273 amplification products were generated from 6 selective primer combinations, of which 85.71% were polymorphic. The results of POPGENE showed the change trends of the percentage of polymorphic(PPL), Nei's genetic diversity(h) and Shannon's index(I) were similar. The change trends of Nei's genetic diversity(h) and Shannon's index(I) were Gongbujiada < Milin < Galongla < Sejila Mountain < Hongla Mountain. The POPGENE analysis showed that R.nivale had higher genetic diversity at species level(PPL=85.71%, I=0.415 1, h=0.273) but lower at population level(PPL=62.26%, I=0.280 3, h=0.184 1). Both the results of POPGENE(G_st=0.324) and AMOVA(36% among populations, 64% within populations) showed that the most genetic variance existed within the populations. UPGMA tree plots indicated that there was no significant correlation between the genetic distance and the geographic distance among the R.nivale populations. At last, some conservation strategies for R.nivale germplasm were put forward.

Key words: Tibetan, Rhododendron nivale, genetic diversity, AFLP, population

CLC Number:

S685.21

XU Jing-Jing, ZHAO Bing, ZHANG Liang-Ying, SHEN Hui-Fei, LI Hou-Hua. Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rhododendron nivale in Tibetan, China using AFLP Markers[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(1): 88-95.

References

1. 于海彬,张镱锂. 青藏高原及其周边地区高山植物谱系地理学研究进展[J]. 西北植物学报,2013,33(6):1268-1278.Yu H B,Zhang Y L. Advances in phylogeography of alpine plants in the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent regions[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-occidentalia Sinica,2013,33(6):1268-1278.
2. 耿玉英. 西藏林芝地区杜鹃花属植物资源考察及分类学考证[J]. 中国园艺文摘,2010(11):36-38.Geng Y Y. Rhododendrons notes in Linzhi[J]. Chinese Horticulture Abstracts,2010(11):36-38.
3. 刘灏,陈晓阳. 西藏雪层杜鹃挥发油化学成分分析[J]. 华南农业大学学报,2008,29(4):117-118.Liu H,Chen X Y. Analysis on the chemical composition of the essential oilin Rhododendron nivale from Tibet[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University,2008,29(4):117-118.
4. 沈丽,石松林,李景吉,等. 珠穆朗玛峰国家级自然保护区高山杜鹃群落多样性研究[J]. 西北植物学报,2014,34(12):2553-2561.Shen L,Shi S L,LI J J,et al. Community diversity of alpine Rhododendron in Qomolangma national nature reserve[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-occidentalia Sinica,2014,34(12):2553-2561.
5. 林乐静,金楚齐,郑春豪,等. 武夷山地伯乐树种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 植物研究,2015,35(4):559-563.Lin L J,Jin C Q,Zheng C H,et al. ISSR analysis on the genetic diversity of relic plant Bretschneidera sinensis from Wuyishan region[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research,2015,35(4):559-563.
6. Dvořáková Z,Čepková P H,Janovská D,et al. Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of 8 millet genera revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,2015,27(8):617-628.
7. 赵冰,徐曼,司国臣,等. 秦岭秀雅杜鹃野生种群遗传多样性和遗传分化的AFLP分析[J]. 应用生态学报,2012,23(11):2983-2990.Zhao B,Xu M,Si G C,et al. Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of Rhododendron concinnum wild populations in Qinling Mountains of Northwest China:An AFLP analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(11):2983-2990.
8. Okcu M,Kalkiȿim Ö,Okcu Z,et al. Determination of genetic diversity among wild grown apples from eastern black sea region in turkey using ISSR and RAPDs markers[J]. Erwerbs-Obstbau,2015,57(4):171-177.
9. Liu Y F,Xing M,Zhao W,et al. Genetic diversity analysis of Rhododendron aureum Georgi(Ericaceae) located on Changbai Mountain using ISSR and RAPD markers[J]. Plant Systematics and Evolution,2012,298(5):921-930.
10. Zhao B,Yin Z F,Xu M,et al. AFLP analysis of genetic variation in wild populations of five Rhododendron species in Qinling Mountain in China[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2012,45:198-205.
11. 赵冰,郑茜子,李厚华. 秦岭山区美容杜鹃5个野生种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 广西植物,2015,35(5):761-767.Zhao B,Zheng X Z,Li H H. Genetic diversity of 5 wild populations of Rhododendron calophytum in Qin Ling,China by ISSR analysis[J]. Guihaia,2015,35(5):761-767.
12. Li M W,Chen S F,Shi S,et al. High genetic diversity and weak population structure of Rhododendron jinggangshanicum,a threatened endemic species in Mount Jinggangshan of China[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2015,58:178-186.
13. Vos P,Hogers R,Bleeker M,et al. AFLP:a new technique forDNA fingerprinting[J]. Nucleic Acids Research,1995,23(21):4407-4414.
14. Yeh F C,Yang R C,Boyle T,et al. POPGENE,the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. Molecular biology and biotechnology Centre[R]. Edmonton,Canada:University of Alberta,1997.
15. Rohlf F J. NTSYS-pc Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system,version 2. 1[M]. New York:Exeter Software,2000.
16. Peakall R,Smouse P E. GenAlEx 6. 5:genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update[J]. Bioinformatics,2012,28(19):2537-2539.
17. 彭晓莉,吴旺泽. 基于RAPD标记的丽江云杉遗传多样性及谱系地理[J]. 植物研究,2011,31(4):436-442.Peng X L,Wu W Z. Genetic variation and phylogeography of Picea likiangensis inferred from RAPD Markers[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research,2011,31(4):436-442.
18. 徐静静,张良英,赵冰,等. 色季拉山8个杜鹃花野生种亲缘关系的ISSR分析[J]. 种子,2016,35(3):1-4.Xu J J,Zhang L Y,Zhao B,et al. Genetic relationship of eight Rhododendron located on Sejila Mountain using ISSR[J]. Seed,2016,35(3):1-4.
19. Zhang Z F,Van Parijs F R D,Xiao B Z. The status of AFLP in the genomics era and a pipeline for converting AFLPs into single-locus markers[J]. Molecular Breeding,2014,34(3):1245-1260.
20. Kumar S,Ambreen H,Murali T V,et al. Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a global reference collection of 531 accessions of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) using AFLP markers[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,2015,33(5):1299-1313.
21. Wu F Q,Shen S K,Zhang X J,et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of an extremely endangered species:the world's largest Rhododendron[J]. AoB Plants,2015,7:plu082.
22. Nybom H. Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants[J]. Molecular Ecology,2004,5(13):1143-1155.
23. Chen T,Huang X J,Zhang J,et al. Genetic diversity and population structure patterns in chinese cherry(Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl) landraces[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,2016,34(2):440-453.
24. Dulya O V,Mikryukov V S. Genetic variation and selfing rate in Lychnis flos-cuculi along an industrial pollution gradient[J]. New Phytologist,2016,209(3):1083-1095.
25. Andrello M,Henry K,Devaux P,et al. Taxonomic,spatial and adaptive genetic variation of Beta section Beta[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2016,129(2):257-271.
26. Trapnell D W,Hamrick J L. Mating patterns and gene flow in the neotropical epiphytic orchid,Laelia rubescens[J]. Molecular Ecology,2005,14(1):75-84.
27. 李建辉,金则新,李钧敏. 濒危植物长叶榧群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析[J]. 应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2661-2667.Li J H,Jin Z X,Li J M. Genetic diversity of endangered plant Torreya jackii a study with RAPD markers[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(12):2661-2667

[1]	Huiying GUI, Fazhi FANG, Zhaojia LI, Youzhuan MAI, Xiaofeng ZHANG. Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of the Endangered Plant Chunia bucklandioides in Diaoluo Mountain of Hainan [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(1): 75-85.
[2]	Huaizhi MU, Qingyu WANG, Yue ZHANG, Songtong LÜ, Xuhong JIN, Xiao ZHANG, Fucai XIA. Phenotypic Variation and Diversity Analysis of Tilia mandshurica Natural Populations Based on Leaf and Fruit Traits [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(6): 826-834.
[3]	Mengwen ZHANG, Cairong ZHONG, Xiaobo LÜ, Zanshan FANG, Cheng CHENG. Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Three Endangered Mangrove Species from Genus Sonneratia [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(2): 231-241.
[4]	Lei YANG, Qiumei CAO, Ying FENG, Wenjun LI. Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of the Rare and Endangered Plant Ferula fukanensis [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(1): 51-58.
[5]	Ting QIAN, Fan ZHAO, Yujie ZHANG, Xueli LI, Kun SUN, Hui ZHANG. Study on Adaptive Differentiation of Transcription Factor bHLH94 Gene to Altitude in Hippophae neurocarpa and H.tibetana [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(6): 976-985.
[6]	Ermei CHANG, Jianfeng LIU, Yuening HUANG, Hongli LI, Bingyan SHAN, Zeping JIANG, Xiulian ZHAO. Comparison of Genetic Diversity Between Wild and ex-situ Conservation Populations of Cupressus chengiana [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(5): 772-779.
[7]	Yujie ZHANG, Pengxia SHI, Fan ZHAO, Xiaodan CHEN, Kun SUN, Hui ZHANG. Genetic Diversity Analysis from Different Geographic Populations of Linaria vulgaris var. sinensis by rpl32-trnL Fragment [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(5): 780-789.
[8]	Tian SHI, Zhongmei MO, Min WU, Cai ZHAO. Phylogeography of Medicinal and Edible Homologous Plant Allium macrostemon [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(4): 574-583.
[9]	Yi-Zhong DUAN, Hai-Tao WANG, Ge-Ge ZHANG, Wei-Na YAN. Genetic Diversity of Plant Tetraenamongolica by ISSR Markers [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 466-473.
[10]	Guo-Lin FU, Ting-Ting LI, Ye-Hua ZHANG, Xiang-Ying WEN, Xue-Chu MA, Chu-Ping WU. Phenological Observation of the Extremely Small Population Plant Styrax zhejiangensis [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(2): 168-173.
[11]	Dong-Xue LÜ, Xue-Jie ZHANG, Luo-Yan ZHANG, Shou-Jin FAN. Analysis of Limonium bicolor by SSRMolecular Markers in the Yellow River Delta Region [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(6): 923-931.
[12]	NING Xin, JIANG Xiao-Long, DENG Min, XU Gang-Biao. Development of Microsatellite Primers of Quercus championii with RAD-seq Data [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(4): 629-634.
[13]	ZHANG Zhong-Hua, SONG Xiao-Qian, TANG Zhong-Hua, LIANG Zheng-Wei. An Assessment of Phylogenetic Diversity and Dissimilarity of Halophytes Across Different Provincial Region,China [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(3): 330-338.
[14]	ZHANG Shan-Shan, KANG Hong-Mei, YANG Wen-Zhong. Population Genetic Analysis of Nyssa yunnanensis by Reduced-representation Sequencing Technique [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(6): 899-907.
[15]	WANG Fei, HUO Huai-Cheng, ZHAO Yang, CAO Xiu-Wen, LIU Jin-Qian, YANG Yong-Hong, ZHANG Tao, QI Hao, WANG Ruo-Jian. Population Structure and Dynamics of Original Abies faxoniana Rehd—Rhododendron simsii Planch in High-mountain Timberline of Southern Gansu Province [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(5): 664-672.