植物研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 738-752.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2024.05.011
黄红1,2,3, 税玉民1,3, 张志明4, 罗家旺5, 何德明5, 杨冲3, 王伟5, 陈文红1,3()
收稿日期:
2024-03-05
出版日期:
2024-09-20
发布日期:
2024-09-24
通讯作者:
陈文红
E-mail:whchen@mail.kib.ac.cn
作者简介:
黄红(1994—),女,博士研究生,主要从事植物区系地理学、群落生态学研究。
基金资助:
Hong HUANG1,2,3, Yumin SHUI1,3, Zhiming ZHANG4, Jiawang LUO5, Deming HE5, Chong YANG3, Wei WANG5, Wenhong CHEN1,3()
Received:
2024-03-05
Online:
2024-09-20
Published:
2024-09-24
Contact:
Wenhong CHEN
E-mail:whchen@mail.kib.ac.cn
摘要:
为了补充和完善我国西南地区山顶苔藓矮林的群落种类组成和结构特征,基于1 hm2动态监测样地的群落调查数据,采用CTFS标准调查样地内胸径(DBH)≥1 cm的所有木本植物;从1 hm2森林动态监测样地中选取10个(总计0.6 hm2,每个样方为20 m×30 m)标准植被样方,采用植物群落清查方法对样方内所有维管植物进行调查和统计;从物种组成特征、数量特征、主要优势树种的径级结构等角度入手,分析样地内的物种组成和群落结构特征。主要结果:(1)在1 hm2动态样地中,DBH≥1 cm的木本植物共计20科32属42种3 614株个体;在0.6 hm2群落样地中,维管植物共计42科67属103种,其中树高≥3 m的乔木共计24种1 536株个体。(2)厚叶杜鹃(Rhododendron sinofalconeri)在群落中占绝对优势,重要值比次优势物种的重要值大3~4倍。(3)整个群落年龄结构呈“L”型,但厚叶杜鹃以成年个体为优势而不同于其他优势种。(4)该群落由乔木层、灌木层、草本层和层间植物组成,命名为厚叶杜鹃-大花云南桤叶树-文山八角山顶苔藓矮林(Rhododendron sinofalconeri,Clethra delavayi var. yuiana,Illicium tsaii summit mossy dwarf forests)。云南文山薄竹山山顶苔藓矮林群落物种丰富、组成稳定、优势显著,更新状况良好。群落林冠外貌平整,处于成熟林状态。
中图分类号:
黄红, 税玉民, 张志明, 罗家旺, 何德明, 杨冲, 王伟, 陈文红. 云南文山薄竹山山顶苔藓矮林物种组成与群落特征[J]. 植物研究, 2024, 44(5): 738-752.
Hong HUANG, Yumin SHUI, Zhiming ZHANG, Jiawang LUO, Deming HE, Chong YANG, Wei WANG, Wenhong CHEN. Species Composition and Community Characteristics of Summit Mossy Dwarf Forests of Bozhu Mountain, Wenshan County, Yunnan Province, China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2024, 44(5): 738-752.
表1
云南文山薄竹山样地Ⅰ和样地Ⅱ中重要值排序前10的植物物种组成与数量特征
样方(面积) Plot(Area) | 物种 Species | 平均胸径 Mean DBH/cm | 最大胸径 Max DBH/cm | 多度 Abundance | 相对多度 RA | 相对优势度 RD | 相对频度 RF | 重要值 IV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
样地Ⅰ(1公顷) Plot Ⅰ(1 hm2) | 厚叶杜鹃Rhododendron sinofalconeri | 20.14 | 65.00 | 498 | 0.22 | 0.56 | 0.20 | 0.32 |
大花云南桤叶树Clethra delavayi var. yuiana | 12.95 | 32.00 | 360 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.15 | |
西康花楸Sorbus prattii | 11.31 | 30.70 | 223 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 | |
文山八角Illicium tsaii | 6.98 | 21.00 | 284 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.09 | |
十大功劳Mahonia fortunei | 1.76 | 10.00 | 234 | 0.10 | <0.01 | 0.06 | 0.05 | |
红河冬青Ilex manneiensis | 7.54 | 16.00 | 109 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.04 | |
陷脉冬青Ilex delavayi | 7.74 | 19.10 | 110 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
清香木姜子Litsea mollis | 5.80 | 27.00 | 66 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.03 | |
尖萼连蕊茶Camellia forrestii var. acutisepala | 3.69 | 16.40 | 55 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | |
蒙自连蕊茶Camellia forrestii | 2.68 | 7.50 | 51 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | |
样地Ⅱ(0.6公顷) Plot Ⅱ(0.6 hm2) | 厚叶杜鹃Rhododendron sinofalconeri | 20.27 | 65.00 | 383 | 0.37 | 0.63 | 0.06 | 0.35 |
大花云南桤叶树Clethra delavayi var. yuiana | 14.29 | 32.00 | 148 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.10 | |
西康花楸Sorbus prattii | 13.24 | 30.70 | 76 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.07 | |
文山八角Illicium tsaii | 8.47 | 19.80 | 134 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.07 | |
红河冬青Ilex manneiensis | 8.84 | 20.60 | 92 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.06 | |
贡山柃Eurya gungshanensis | 10.25 | 19.80 | 33 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.04 | |
陷脉冬青Ilex delavayi | 7.76 | 19.10 | 49 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.03 | |
坚木山矾Symplocos dryophila | 6.46 | 10.80 | 25 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | |
乔木茵芋Skimmia arborescens | 8.70 | 18.30 | 24 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.03 | |
尖萼连蕊茶Camellia forrestii var. acutisepala | 5.69 | 16.40 | 16 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 |
表2
云南文山薄竹山样地Ⅱ乔木上层和乔木下层重要值排序前10位的植物物种组成与数量特征
垂直结构 Vertical structure | 物种 Species | 平均胸径 Mean DBH/cm | 最大胸径 Max DBH/cm | 多度 Abundance | 相对 多度 RA | 相对 优势度 RD | 相对 频度 RF | 重要值 IV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第Ⅰ亚层(树高≥8 m) Upper tree layer (Height≥8 m) | 厚叶杜鹃Rhododendron sinofalconeri | 21.46 | 65.00 | 376 | 0.45 | 0.64 | 0.10 | 0.40 |
大花云南桤叶树Clethra delavayi var. yuiana | 15.90 | 32.00 | 144 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.13 | |
西康花楸Sorbus prattii | 16.55 | 30.70 | 72 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.08 | |
文山八角Illicium tsaii | 11.57 | 19.80 | 83 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.08 | |
红河冬青Ilexmanneiensis | 10.93 | 20.60 | 49 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.06 | |
陷脉冬青Ilexdelavayi | 10.80 | 19.10 | 25 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.04 | |
贡山柃Euryagungshanensis | 12.61 | 19.80 | 23 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | |
乔木茵芋Skimmiaarborescens | 12.28 | 18.30 | 13 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | |
蜡莲绣球Hydrangeastrigosa | 17.47 | 34.20 | 9 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |
清香木姜子Litseamollis | 16.31 | 27.00 | 10 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | |
第Ⅱ亚层(3 m≤树高<8 m) Lower tree layer (3 m≤Height<8 m) | 文山八角Illiciumtsaii | 5.67 | 7.90 | 51 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.20 |
红河冬青Ilexmanneiensis | 6.23 | 7.90 | 43 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 0.18 | |
陷脉冬青Ilexdelavayi | 5.83 | 7.70 | 24 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.11 | |
坚木山矾Symplocosdryophila | 5.73 | 7.80 | 17 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.09 | |
尖萼连蕊茶Camelliaforrestii var. acutisepala | 5.17 | 7.30 | 13 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.07 | |
贡山柃Euryagungshanensis | 5.66 | 6.70 | 10 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | |
乔木茵芋Skimmiaarborescens | 4.96 | 7.80 | 11 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.05 | |
厚叶杜鹃Rhododendronsinofalconeri | 5.37 | 7.30 | 7 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.04 | |
滇瑞香Daphnefeddei | 5.77 | 7.60 | 6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
西康花楸Sorbusprattii | 6.88 | 7.70 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
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