不同樱花品种当年生小枝茎结构对展叶效率的影响

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为更好地理解不同樱花品种的枝叶在资源利用、生物量分配和展叶策略方面的适应性差异，探讨不同樱花品种当年生小枝茎结构对展叶效率的影响。以福州国家森林公园15个樱花品种为研究对象，采用小枝茎长和茎纤细率表征小枝茎结构，以叶密度、叶茎质量比和叶面积比表征展叶效率，以标准化主轴估计（SMA）研究不同品种间小枝茎结构与展叶效率间相关关系是否存在显著差异，试图筛选出展叶效率较优的樱花品种。结果表明：（1）15个樱花品种的茎结构与展叶效率呈显著的负相关关系，即叶密度、叶茎质量比和叶面积比随茎长和茎纤细率的发展而逐渐降低。（2）随着茎结构的增长，15个樱花品种间的叶茎质量比、叶面积比和叶密度表现出一定的差异性。在叶密度方面，‘河津’樱（HJ）、‘台湾牡丹’樱（TWMD）、‘云南’冬樱（YNDY）表现较优；在叶面积比方面，‘丹红’樱（DH）、YNDY、HJ表现较优，即在一定的茎结构下，YNDY和HJ拥有较高的叶密度与叶面积比。（3）在叶茎质量比方面，‘西施’樱（XS）、‘初美人’樱（CMR）、‘敬翁’樱（JW）、HJ在一定的茎结构下拥有较高的叶茎质量比。结合花期，‘河津’樱（HJ）相对拥有较高的展叶效率且花期较长，为可以推广种植的樱花品种。

关键词: 枝叶关系, 展叶效率, 茎结构, 樱花品种

Abstract:

In order to clarify the differences in the adaptability of branches and leaves of different oriental cherry cultivars in resource utilization， biomass allocation， and leaf display strategies， and the effect of current twig stem structure on leaf spreading efficiency were discussed. 15 oriental cherry cultivars in Fuzhou National Forest Park were used as materials， and the stem length and stem slender ratio were used as the proxy of stem structure traits， and the leaf density， leaf/stem mass ratio and leaf area ratio were used to characterize the leaf spreading efficiency， and oriental cherry cultivars with greater leaf display efficiency were screened， the standardized major axis estimation （SMA） was employed to identify whether there was a significant difference on the link between stem structure and leaf display efficiency among different cultivars. The results showed that：（1）In 15 oriental cherry cultivars， there was a substantial negative relationship between stem structure and leaf display efficiency， with stem length and stem slender ratio increased， leaf density， leaf/stem mass ratio and leaf area ratio all steadily decreased respectively. （2）The leaf/stem mass ratio， leaf area ratio and leaf density of 15 cherry cultivars differed with stem structure increased. ‘Hejin’（HJ）， ‘Taiwan mudan’（TWMD） and ‘Yunnan’（YNDY） performed better in terms of leaf density. In terms of leaf area ratio， ‘Danhong’（DH）， YNDY and HJ performed better； that was， YNDY and HJ had higher leaf density and leaf area ratio under a specific stem structure. （3）Under specific stem structures， ‘Xishi’（XS）， ‘Chumeiren’（CMR）， ‘Jingweng’（JW） and HJ showed greater leaf/stem mass ratios. Combined with florescence， ‘Hejin’（HJ） had relatively higher leaf spreading efficiency and longer flowering period， which could be widely planted.

Key words: twig leaf relationship, leaf spreading efficiency, stem structure, oriental cherry cultivars

中图分类号:

Q945.79

黄子宏, 闫淑君, 于强, 关永鑫, 凌玲, 孙玉婷. 不同樱花品种当年生小枝茎结构对展叶效率的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(6): 900-909.

Zihong HUANG, Shujun YAN, Qiang YU, Yongxin GUAN, Ling LING, Yuting SUN. Effect of Current Twig Stem Structure on Leaf Spreading Efficiency of Different Oriental Cherry Cultivars[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(6): 900-909.

图/表 5

表1

15个樱花品种的茎叶性状

品种 Cultivars	花期 Florescence /d	茎长 Stem length /cm	茎纤细率 Stem slender ratio/（cm·cm^-1）	叶片数量 Leaf number	叶密度 Density of leaf number/（No·cm^-1）	叶茎质量比 Leaf/stem mass ratio/（g·g^-1）	叶面积比 Leaf area ratio/（cm²·g^-1）
‘阿里山’樱 C. campanulate ‘Alishan’（ALS）	15	15.47±7.51fgh	52.44±21.92cd	8.00±2.08bc	0.62±0.32ef	0.63±0.43bc	653.91±296.95c
‘初美人’樱 C. pseudocerasus ‘Introrsa’（CMR）	15	14.19±5.18fgh	47.22±12.64d	12.15±3.25a	0.93±0.30b	0.49±0.23cd	686.07±157.79bc
‘大岛’樱 C. serrulata var. lannesiana ‘Speciosa’（DD）	20	17.53±5.61efg	46.95±12.48d	12.80±3.25a	0.77±0.18bcd	0.46±0.18cd	602.71±146.77c
‘丹妃’樱 C. campanulate ‘Danfei’（DF）	20	26.58±9.01bc	69.65±14.80b	14.00±4.74a	0.53±0.12fg	0.28±0.14fg	383.49±93.93ef
‘丹红’樱 C. campanulate ‘Danhong’（DH）	21	36.78±8.22a	90.74±10.81a	12.75±3.13a	0.35±0.06h	0.16±0.05h	245.55±66.84g
‘大屯山’樱 C. campanulate ‘Datunshan’（DTS）	19	10.71±4.47hi	34.36±11.19ef	8.50±2.19b	0.85±0.22bc	0.59±0.24bc	597.08±235.12cd
‘关山’樱 C. serrulata var. lannesiana ‘Kanzan’（GS）	20	27.27±6.41b	59.96±10.64bc	12.00±2.29a	0.46±0.14g	0.22±0.1gh	375.60±148.28ef
‘河津’樱 C. campanulate×kanzakura ‘Kawazu-zakura’（HJ）	25	13.17±4.14ghi	42.16±10.01de	7.40±1.35bc	0.61±0.18ef	0.76±0.35ab	1 122.60±425.21a
‘敬翁’樱 C. pseudocerasus ‘Takenakae’（JW）	17	13.33±4.92ghi	33.09±9.72f	7.30±1.75bc	0.6±0.21ef	0.72±0.33ab	484.34±209.11de
‘七星山’樱 C. campanulate ‘Qixingshan’（QXS）	14	18.23±4.66def	43.77±8.63d	12.00±3.08a	0.67±0.13de	0.33±0.12ef	399.43±95.77ef
‘台湾牡丹’樱 C. campanulate ‘Kankizakura-plena’（TWMD）	25	26.01±12.07bcd	69.89±25.61b	11.75±4.06a	0.49±0.11fg	0.31±0.20efg	353.48±116.12f
‘尾叶’樱 C. dielsiana（WYY）	17	11.03±7.01i	48.75±24.57d	6.55±1.19c	0.79±0.37bcd	1.03±0.59a	1 020.30±567.77ab
‘西施’樱 C. campanulate ‘Xishi’（XS）	13	13.26±4.26ghi	33.68±8.33ef	7.35±1.57bc	0.59±0.16ef	0.77±0.22ab	708.51±241.03bc
‘有明’樱 C. serrulata var. lannesiana ‘Candida’（YM）	15	4.80±1.31j	13.12±3.54g	6.65±1.31c	1.52±0.62a	0.75±0.18ab	617.26±201.92c
‘云南’冬樱 C. cerasoides（YNDY）	15	26.93±20.02cde	75.19±47.01bc	14.20±7.24a	0.72±0.38de	0.62±0.69de	819.34±459.81bc

表1

表2

图1

图2

图3

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品种 Cultivars	斜率 Slope	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval	截距 Intercept	R²	P±1.0	P
ALS	0.480	0.377，0.611	0.346	0.758	*	0.871
CMR	0.741	0.503，1.092	0.236	0.357	ns	0.598
DD	0.631	0.446，0.892	0.161	0.492	*	0.701
DF	1.088	0.815，1.452	-0.404	0.650	ns	0.806
DH	1.203	0.884，1.639	-0.780	0.599	ns	0.774
DTS	0.658	0.469，0.923	0.259	0.514	*	0.717
GS	0.619	0.429，0.892	0.193	0.430	*	0.656
HJ	0.680	0.548，0.844	0.265	0.807	*	0.899
JW	0.560	0.387，0.812	0.247	0.412	*	0.642
QXS	1.108	0.787，1.561	-0.318	0.503	ns	0.709
TWMD	0.714	0.611，0.834	0.070	0.900	*	0.948
WYY	0.293	0.188，0.458	0.526	0.135	*	0.367
XS	0.631	0.425，0.937	0.162	0.327	*	0.572
YM	-0.688	-1.089，-0.434	1.272	0.076	ns	-0.276
YNDY	0.612	0.519，0.723	0.308	0.887	*	0.942

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