植物研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 540-549.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.04.007
夏红霞1,2, 刘李岚1,3, 周徐平4, 陈珂2, 李英5, 旷培刚5, 孙庚1, 类延宝1()
收稿日期:
2023-03-15
出版日期:
2023-07-20
发布日期:
2023-06-30
通讯作者:
类延宝
E-mail:leiyb@cib.ac.cn
作者简介:
夏红霞(1996—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生理生态研究。
基金资助:
Hongxia XIA1,2, Lilan LIU1,3, Xuping ZHOU4, Ke CHEN2, Ying LI5, Peigang KUANG5, Geng SUN1, Yanbao LEI1()
Received:
2023-03-15
Online:
2023-07-20
Published:
2023-06-30
Contact:
Yanbao LEI
E-mail:leiyb@cib.ac.cn
About author:
E-mail:leiyb@cib.ac.cnSupported by:
摘要:
为促进九寨沟国家级自然保护区震后高陡裸岩边坡快速覆绿,加速景观的生态恢复过程,在参考文献和实地调查的基础上,选取该区域较为常见的30种乡土苔藓植物,运用层次分析法,基于抗逆能力、易获得性、生态功能、繁殖能力、生物量积累和美观感6个方面构建出18项筛选评价指标体系。结果表明:根据综合评价分值将覆绿苔藓植物分为4个等级,最终筛选出适用于九寨沟震后覆绿5种苔藓植物:东亚砂藓(Racomitrium japonicum)、大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme)、美灰藓(Eurohypnum leptothollum)、阔边匐灯藓(Plagiomnium ellipticum)和长叶青藓(Brachythecium rutabulum)。研究结果可为九寨沟及其周边高寒脆弱生态系统无土壤基质的生态环境修复提供备选物种的参考。
中图分类号:
夏红霞, 刘李岚, 周徐平, 陈珂, 李英, 旷培刚, 孙庚, 类延宝. 基于层次分析法的九寨沟震后裸岩边坡覆绿适用苔藓筛选[J]. 植物研究, 2023, 43(4): 540-549.
Hongxia XIA, Lilan LIU, Xuping ZHOU, Ke CHEN, Ying LI, Peigang KUANG, Geng SUN, Yanbao LEI. Selection of Suitable Mosses for Bare Rock and Steep Slope Greening after Jiuzhaigou Earthquake Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(4): 540-549.
表1
高陡裸岩边坡苔藓覆绿筛选综合评价结构模型
准则层(C) Criterion layer(C) | 指标层(P) Index layer(P) | 方案层(S) Solution layer |
---|---|---|
抗逆能力(C1) Stress resistance capacity (C1) | 干旱耐性Drought tolerance(P1) | S1,S2,...,S30 |
高温耐性High temperature resistance(P2) | ||
低温耐性Low temperature resistance(P2) | ||
紫外线耐性UV resistance(P4) | ||
波动光耐性Fluctuating light tolerance(P5) | ||
易获得性(C2) Accessibility (C2) | 丰富度Richness(P6) | |
优势度Dominance(P7) | ||
生态功能(C3) Ecological function (C3) | 持水能力Water-holding capacity(P8) | |
保土能力Soil conservation capacity(P9) | ||
成土能力Soil forming ability(P10) | ||
固氮能力Nitrogen fixation ability(P11) | ||
繁殖能力(C4) Reproductive capacity (C4) | 芽胞产生Gemmae(P12) | |
孢蒴产量Capsule(P13) | ||
生物量积累(C5) Biomass (C5) | 植株高度Plant high(P14) | |
生长速率Growth rate(P15) | ||
覆盖度Coverage(P16) | ||
美观感(C6) Aesthetics (C6) | 持绿时间Green period (P17) | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content (P18) |
表2
各指标层评分标准划定
评分 Score | P1/% | P2/℃ | P3/℃ | P4/(W·m-2) | P5/(μmol·m-2·s-1) | P6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 15≤含水量<20 15≤Water content<20 | 25 | 15 | 辐射照度<5 Irradiance<5 | 50≤光照强度<500 50≤Light intensity<500 | 分布地狭窄 Narrow distribution |
2 | 10≤含水量<15 10≤Water content<15 | 30 | 10 | 5≤辐射照度<10 5≤Irradiance<10 | 500≤光照强度<1000 500≤Light intensity<1000 | 分布地较狭窄 Relatively narrow distribution |
3 | 8≤含水量<10 8≤Water content<10 | 35 | 5 | 10≤辐射照度<15 10≤Irradiance<15 | 1000≤光照强度<1500 1000≤Light intensity<1500 | 分布地较广泛 Relatively widespread |
4 | 4≤含水量<8 4≤Water content<8 | 42 | 0 | 15≤辐射照度<30 15≤Irradiance<30 | 1 500≤光照强度<1 800 1 500≤Light intensity<1 800 | 分布地广泛 Widely distributed |
评分 Score | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 |
1 | 群落中没有该种苔藓 Without this moss | 弱持水 Weak hold water | 假根少 Rhizoid least | 弱 Weak | 弱 Weak | 芽胞少 Gemmae least |
2 | 建群种 Constructive species | 较弱持水 Relatively weak hold water | 假根较少 Rhizoid less | 较弱 Relatively weak | 较弱 Relatively weak | 芽胞较少 Gemmae less |
3 | 群落优势种之一 One of the dominant species | 较强持水 Relatively strong hold water | 假根较多 Rhizoid more | 较强 Relatively strong | 较强 Relatively strong | 芽胞较多 Gemmae more |
4 | 群落优势种 Dominant species | 强持水 Strong hold water | 假根多 Rhizoid most | 强 Strong | 强 Strong | 芽胞多 Gemmae most |
评分 Score | P13 | P14/cm | P15 | P16/% | P17/d | P18/(mg·g-1) |
1 | 孢蒴少 Capsule least | 植株高度<1 Plant high<1 | 生长速度慢 Grow slow | 25≤覆盖率<50 25≤Coverage<50 | 180≤绿期<210 180≤Green period<210 | 叶绿素<0.1 Chlorophyll<0.1 |
2 | 孢蒴较少 Capsule less | 1≤植株高度<3 1≤Plant high<3 | 生长速度较慢 Grow relatively slow | 50≤覆盖率<75 50≤Coverage<75 | 210≤绿期<240 210≤Green period<240 | 0.1≤叶绿素<0.3 0.1≤Chlorophyll<0.3 |
3 | 孢蒴较多 Capsule more | 3≤植株高度<4 3≤Plant high<4 | 生长速度较快 Grow relatively fast | 75≤覆盖率<90 75≤Coverage<90 | 240≤绿期<270 240≤Green period<270 | 0.3≤叶绿素<0.5 0.3≤Chlorophyll<0.5 |
4 | 孢蒴多 Capsule most | 植株高度≥4 Plant high≥4 | 生长速度快 Grow fast | 覆盖率≥90 Coverage≥90 | 植物常绿 Plants evergreen | 叶绿素≥0.5 Chlorophyll≥0.5 |
表3
专家对各价指标赋权分析及汇总
专家编号 Expert serial number | 抗逆能力 Stress resistance capacity | 易获得性 Accessibility | 生态功能 Ecological function | 繁殖能力 Reproductive capacity | 生物量积累 Biomass | 美观感 Aesthetics |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
权重平均 Weight average | 0.211 9 | 0.195 6 | 0.194 3 | 0.159 2 | 0.126 5 | 0.112 7 |
1 | 0.366 1 | 0.034 3 | 0.072 8 | 0.060 5 | 0.051 0 | 0.415 4 |
2 | 0.298 4 | 0.040 2 | 0.432 5 | 0.073 3 | 0.024 9 | 0.130 7 |
3 | 0.183 6 | 0.037 5 | 0.065 5 | 0.491 2 | 0.126 1 | 0.096 2 |
4 | 0.204 7 | 0.479 6 | 0.048 2 | 0.196 9 | 0.041 2 | 0.029 5 |
5 | 0.152 3 | 0.032 5 | 0.325 8 | 0.070 5 | 0.387 4 | 0.028 8 |
6 | 0.055 1 | 0.025 9 | 0.462 8 | 0.161 1 | 0.021 7 | 0.273 4 |
7 | 0.301 6 | 0.180 9 | 0.154 9 | 0.082 0 | 0.233 4 | 0.047 2 |
8 | 0.104 4 | 0.550 5 | 0.114 9 | 0.095 6 | 0.114 3 | 0.020 4 |
9 | 0.289 7 | 0.047 4 | 0.238 5 | 0.223 7 | 0.163 9 | 0.036 8 |
10 | 0.163 1 | 0.526 8 | 0.024 1 | 0.137 0 | 0.100 7 | 0.048 3 |
表4
高陡裸岩边坡覆绿苔藓植物综合评价指标权重
准则层(C) Criterion layer(C) | 指标层(P) Index layer(P) | 准则层权重 Weight of criterion layer | 指标层权重 Weight of index layer | 综合权重 Comprehensive weight |
---|---|---|---|---|
抗逆能力(C1) Stress resistance capacity | 干旱耐性Drought tolerance (P1) | 0.211 9 | 0.300 0 | 0.057 4 |
高温耐性High temperature resistance (P2) | 0.294 0 | 0.074 4 | ||
低温耐性Low temperature resistance (P3) | 0.187 9 | 0.033 0 | ||
紫外线耐性UV resistance(P4) | 0.112 9 | 0.023 2 | ||
波动光耐性Fluctuating light tolerance(P5) | 0.105 2 | 0.023 9 | ||
易获得性(C2) Accessibility (C2) | 丰富度Richness(P6) | 0.195 6 | 0.590 0 | 0.081 4 |
优势度Dominance(P7) | 0.410 0 | 0.114 2 | ||
生态功能(C3) Ecological function (C3) | 持水能力Water-holding capacity(P8) | 0.194 3 | 0.362 1 | 0.062 0 |
保土能力Soil conservation capacity(P9) | 0.270 2 | 0.055 7 | ||
成土能力Soil forming ability(P10) | 0.223 8 | 0.049 8 | ||
固氮能力Nitrogen fixation ability(P11) | 0.144 0 | 0.026 8 | ||
繁殖能力(C4) Reproductive capacity (C4) | 芽胞产生Gemmae(P12) | 0.159 2 | 0.587 6 | 0.101 0 |
孢蒴产量Capsule(P13) | 0.412 4 | 0.058 2 | ||
生物量积累(C5) Biomass (C5) | 植株高度Plant high(P14) | 0.126 5 | 0.089 1 | 0.013 4 |
生长速率Growth rate(P15) | 0.516 3 | 0.073 8 | ||
覆盖度Coverage(P16) | 0.394 6 | 0.039 2 | ||
美观感(C6) Aesthetics (C6) | 持绿时间Green period(P17) | 0.112 7 | 0.781 7 | 0.094 1 |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content(P18) | 0.218 4 | 0.018 6 |
表5
高陡裸岩边坡苔藓覆绿植物综合评价得分与等级
序号 No. | 植物名 Species | 综合得分 Overall score | 等级 Grade |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 东亚砂藓Racomitrium japonicum | 3.646 0 | Ⅰ |
2 | 大灰藓Hypnum plumaeforme | 3.515 4 | Ⅰ |
3 | 美灰藓Eurohypnum leptothallum | 3.342 8 | Ⅰ |
4 | 阔边匐灯藓Plagiomnium cuspidtum | 3.250 3 | Ⅰ |
5 | 长叶青藓Brachythecium rutabulum | 3.108 0 | Ⅰ |
6 | 硬叶小金发藓Pogonatum neesii | 2.750 0 | Ⅱ |
7 | 平肋提灯藓Mnium laevinerve | 2.302 1 | Ⅱ |
8 | 亮叶珠藓Bartramia halleriana | 2.284 5 | Ⅱ |
9 | 东亚曲尾藓Dicranum nipponense | 2.097 7 | Ⅱ |
10 | 塔藓Hylocomium splendens | 1.865 0 | Ⅲ |
11 | 蔓藓Meteorium polytrichum | 1.749 8 | Ⅲ |
12 | 平藓Neckera pennata | 1.740 7 | Ⅲ |
13 | 垫丛紫萼藓Grimmia pulvinata | 1.725 8 | Ⅲ |
14 | 脆枝青藓Brachythecium thraustum | 1.717 7 | Ⅲ |
15 | 绢藓Entodon cladorrhizans | 1.696 7 | Ⅲ |
16 | 卷叶凤尾藓Fissidens dubius | 1.663 7 | Ⅲ |
17 | 扭口藓Barbula unguiculata | 1.523 0 | Ⅲ |
18 | 高山大帽藓Encalypta alpina | 1.489 2 | Ⅳ |
19 | 狭叶缩叶藓Ptychomitrium linearifolium | 1.487 8 | Ⅳ |
20 | 东亚万年藓Climacium japonicum | 1.386 1 | Ⅳ |
21 | 大曲背藓Oncophorus virens | 1.321 7 | Ⅳ |
22 | 多形小曲尾藓Dicranella heteromalla | 1.317 3 | Ⅳ |
23 | 合睫藓Symblepharis vaginata | 1.304 9 | Ⅳ |
24 | 白氏藓Brothera leana | 1.263 7 | Ⅳ |
25 | 丛叶青毛藓Dicranodontium caespitosum | 1.255 8 | Ⅳ |
26 | 东亚扭口藓Barbula subcomosa | 1.226 3 | Ⅳ |
27 | 长尖对齿藓Didymodon ditrichoides | 1.188 9 | Ⅳ |
28 | 花状湿地藓Hyophila nymaniana | 1.161 3 | Ⅳ |
29 | 反纽藓Timiella anomala | 1.074 5 | Ⅳ |
30 | 高山真藓Bryum alpinum | 1.013 5 | Ⅳ |
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