Abstract: Genetic diversity of 134 individuals from 6 natural populations of Primula merrilliana, an endangered and endemic species in Anhui province, was assessed using RAPD markers. A total of 158 amplified bands were evaluated from 12 informative and reliable primers screened from 100 RAPD primers, and 129 bands were polymorphic loci ( PPL). Analysis with POPGENE showed a high proportion of genetic variation ( PPL = 81.65%, H_e = 0.2515, H_o = 0. 3849) for Primula merrilliana. Analyzed by Nei′s gene diversity index, the coefficient of the genetic differentiation ( G_ST ) was 0.5511, which was consistent with Shannon information index (54.48% ). The main factors responsible for the high degree of genetic differentiation among populations may result from habitat fragmentation and barriers of gene flow. The pattern of genetic variation provides important data and valuable information for the conservation strategies of Primula merrilliana, such as protecting their natural habitats and existing populations and individuals, improving the gene flow among populations, and sampling within more populations during ex situ conservation .

Key words: Primula merrilliana Schltr .

摘要： 利用RAPD 分子标记对安徽特有濒危物种安徽羽叶报春( Primula merrilliana) 6 个自然居群的134 个个体的遗传多样性进行了研究。从100 个随机引物中筛选出12 个RAPD 引物, 扩增共得到158 条带, 其中129 个多态性位点( PPL) 。POPGENE 分析显示安徽羽叶报春具有较丰富的遗传变异( PPL = 81.65%, H_e= 0.2515 , H^_o = 0.3849) 。Nei′s 基因多样性指数计算的居群间遗传分化系数( G_ST = 0.5511) 与Shannon 信息指数( 54.48% ) 基本一致。生境的片段化和基因流障碍可能是导致居群间遗传分化显著的主要原因。针对安徽羽叶报春的居群遗传变异提出了相应的保护措施: 保护好自然生境和现有的居群及个体; 加强居群间的基因流动; 在迁地保护过程中, 在尽可能多的居群中采样, 以提高栽培居群的遗传多样性。

关键词: 安徽羽叶报春, RAPD, 遗传多样性, 遗传分化