Comparative Study on the Chloroplast RPL32-TRNL Nucleotide Variation within and Genetic Differentiation among Ancient 
Tea Plantations of Camellia sinensis var.assamica and C.taliensis (Theaceae) from Yunnan, China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2010.10077

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to assess genetic diversity and population structure, nine Camellia sinensis var.assamica and three C.taliensis populations from Yunnan, China were evaluated. Based on nucleotide variation of 94 cpDNA RPL32-TRNL sequences, a total of seven distinct haplotypes were detected in the studied populations. It was apparent that C.sinensis var.assamica (h=0.728，π =0.00469) possessed higher levels of genetic diversity than C.taliensis (h =0.610, π =0.00225). However, genetic differentiation among populations of C.sinensis varassamica (Gst=0.580, FST=0.612) was lower than that among C.taliensis populations (Gst=0.696, FST=0.773). Our AMOVA analysis further revealed that the majority of variation was partitioned among populations of the two taxa, while C.sinensis var.assamica (6121%) showed lower level of genetic differentiation than C.taliensis (77.34%). In comparisons to C.taliensis, genetic diversity within C.sinensis var.assamica largely varied among populations, ranging from 0 to 0.809 and from 0 to 0.00487 for haplotype and nucleotide diversity, respectively. Conservation strategies were finally discussed and proposed to efficiently protect ancient tea plantations in China.

Key words: Camellia sinensis var.assamica, Camellia taliensis, cpDNA, Genetic diversity, Ancient tea plantations, RPL32-TRNL

摘要：

对云南地区栽培的大叶茶(Camellia sinensis varassamica) 9个居群和大理茶(Ctaliensis) 3个居群的遗传多样性和居群遗传结构进行了比较研究。通过对94条叶绿体DNA RPL32TRNL序列的核苷酸序列变异进行分析，共发现了7个单倍型。研究结果表明，大叶茶(h=0728，π=000469)比大理茶(h=0610, π=000225)拥有更为丰富的遗传变异，但其居群遗传分化水平(Gst =0580, FST=0612)却低于大理茶(Gst=0696 , FST=0773)。AMOVA分析进一步证实了它们的遗传变异主要存在于居群间，且大叶茶(6121%)低于大理茶(7734%)。相对于大理茶，遗传多样性水平在本研究所取的大叶茶居群间存在着较大的差异，单倍型多态性水平变化范围为0~0809, 核苷酸多态性水平变化范围为0~000487。最后，讨论并提出了科学有效地保护我国古茶园茶种资源的建议和对策。

关键词: 大叶茶, 大理茶, 叶绿体DNA, 遗传多样性, 古茶园, RPL32-TRNL

CLC Number:

Q 16

LIU Yang-, YANG Shi-Xiong-, GAO Li-Zhi- . Comparative Study on the Chloroplast RPL32-TRNL Nucleotide Variation within and Genetic Differentiation among Ancient
Tea Plantations of Camellia sinensis var.assamica and C.taliensis (Theaceae) from Yunnan, China[J]. Plant Diversity, 2010, 32(05): 427-434.

刘阳1、2, 杨世雄3, 高立志1 . 云南古茶园栽培大叶茶和大理茶群体的叶绿体RPL32-TRNL核苷酸变异和遗传分化[J]. Plant Diversity, 2010, 32(05): 427-434.

References

闵天禄, 2000. 世界山茶属的研究 \
[M\]. 昆明: 云南科技出版社
Caicedo AL, Schaal BA, 2004. Population structure and phylogeography of Solanum pimpinellifolium inferred from a nuclear gene \
[J\]. Molecular Ecology, 15 (12): 1871—1882
Chen J (陈进), Pei SJ (裴盛基), 2003. Studies on the origin of tea cultivation \
[J\]. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), Suppl. XIV: 33—40
Chen SY (陈生云), Wu GL (吴桂莉), Zhang DJ (张得钧) et al, 2008. Molecular phylogeography of alpine plant Metagentiana striata (Gentianaceae) \
[J\]. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 46 (4): 573—585
Clement M, Posada D, Crandall KA, 2000. TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies \
[J\]. Molecular Ecology, 9 (10): 1657—1659
Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S, 2005. Arlequin (version 30): an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis \
[J\]. Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online, 1: 47—50
Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM, 1992. Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data \
[J\]. Genetics, 131 (2): 479—491
Falchi A, Paolini J, Desjobert JM et al, 2009. Phylogeography of Cistus creticus L. on Corsica and Sardinia inferred by the TRNLF and RPL32TRNL sequences of cpDNA \
[J\]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 52 (2): 538—543
Hall TA, 1999. BioEdit: a userfriendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT \
[J\]. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41: 95—98
Ji PZ (季鹏章), Zhang J (张俊), Wang PS (王平盛) et al, 2007. Genetic diversity of ancient tea plant in Yunnan Province of China revealed by intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymerase chain reaction \
[J\]. Journal of Tea Science (茶叶科学), 27 (4): 271—279
Katoh Y, Katoh M, Takeda Y et al, 2003. Genetic diversity within cultivated teas based on nucleotide sequence comparison of ribosomal RNA maturase in chloroplast DNA \
[J\]. Euphytica, 134 (3): 287—295
Kaundun SS, Park YG, 2002. Genetic structure of six Korean tea populations as revealed by RAPDPCR markers \
[J\]. Crop Science, 42 (2): 594—601
Lou XY (罗晓莹), Tang GD (唐光大), Xu H (许涵) et al, 2005. Genetic diversity of three endemic and endangered species of the family Theaceae in Guangdong, China \
[J\]. Biodiversity Science (生物多样性), 13 (2) : 112—121
Mantel N, 1967. The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach \
[J\]. Cancer Research, 27 (2): 209—220
Nei M, Li WH, 1979. Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases \
[J\]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 76 (10): 5269—5273
Nei M, 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations \
[J\]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 70 (12): 3321—3323
Ohsako T, Ohgushi T, Motosugi H et al, 2008. Microsatellite variability within and among local landrace populations of tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze, in Kyoto, Japan \
[J\]. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 55 (7): 1047—1053
Petit RJ, Duminil J, Fineschi S et al, 2005. Comparative organization of chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear diversity in plant populations \
[J\]. Molecular Ecology, 14 (3): 689—701
Rozas J, SanchezDelBarrio JC, Messeguer X et al, 2003. DnaSP, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods \
[J\]. Bioinformatics, 19 (18): 2496—2497
Schaal BA, Hayworth DA, Olsen KM et al, 1998. Phylogeographic studies in plants: problems and prospects \
[J\]. Molecular Ecology, 7 (4): 465—474
Shaw J, Lickey EB, Schilling EE et al, 2007. Comparison of whole chloroplast genome sequences to choose noncoding regions for phylogenetic studies in angiosperms: the tortoise and the hare III \
[J\]. American Journal of Botany, 94 (3): 275—288
Sosa V, RuizSanchez E, RodriguezGomez FC, 2009. Hidden phylogeographic complexity in the Sierra Madre Oriental: the case of the Mexican tulip poppy Hunnemannia fumariifolia (Papaveraceae) \
[J\]. Journal of Biogeography, 36 (1): 18—27
Takeda Y, 1990. Cross compatibility of tea (Camellia sinensis) and its allied species in the genus Camellia \
[J\]. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly, 24 (14): 111—116
Tang YC (唐一春), Yang SM (杨盛美), Ji PZ (季鹏章) et al, 2009. Study on the diversity, utilization and protection of wild tea germplasm in Yunnan \
[J\]. SouthWest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences (西南农业学报), 22 (2): 518—521
Tang YH (唐玉海),Guo CF (郭春芳), Zhang MQ (张木清), 2007. A modified method for extracting genome DNA of teamodified CTAB method \
[J\]. Journal of Fujian Institute of Education (福建教育学院学报), 8 (1): 99—101

[1]	Mustaqeem Ahmad, Ya-Huang Luo (罗亚皇), Sonia Rathee, Robert A. Spicer, Jian Zhang (张健), Moses C. Wambulwa, Guang-Fu Zhu (朱光福), Marc W. Cadotte, Zeng-Yuan Wu (吴增源), Shujaul Mulk Khan, Debabrata Maity, De-Zhu Li (李德铢), Jie Liu (刘杰). Multifaceted plant diversity patterns across the Himalaya: Status and outlook [J]. Plant Diversity, 2025, 47(04): 529-543.
[2]	Jianchao Liang, Zhifeng Ding, Ganwen Lie, Zhixin Zhou, Zhixiang Zhang, Huijian Hu. Climate-driven environmental filtering determines hump-shaped elevational pattern of seed plant beta diversity in the central Himalayas [J]. Plant Diversity, 2025, 47(02): 264-272.
[3]	Hong Qian, Oriol Grau. Geographic patterns and ecological causes of phylogenetic structure in mosses along an elevational gradient in the central Himalaya [J]. Plant Diversity, 2025, 47(01): 98-105.
[4]	Zhiliang Yao, Xia Pan, Xin Yang, Xiaona Shao, Bin Wang, Yun Deng, Zhiming Zhang, Qiaoming Li, Luxiang Lin. Canopy structural heterogeneity drives α and β species-genetic diversity correlations in a Chinese subtropical forest [J]. Plant Diversity, 2025, 47(01): 106-114.
[5]	Linjiang Ye, Robabeh Shahi Shavvon, Hailing Qi, Hongyu Wu, Pengzhen Fan, Mohammad Nasir Shalizi, Safiullah Khurram, Mamadzhanov Davletbek, Yerlan Turuspekov, Jie Liu. Population genetic insights into the conservation of common walnut (Juglans regia) in Central Asia [J]. Plant Diversity, 2024, 46(05): 600-610.
[6]	Yixian Li, Xuyao Zhao, Manli Xia, Xinzeng Wei, Hongwei Hou. Temperature is a cryptic factor shaping the geographical pattern of genetic variation in Ceratophyllum demersum across a subtropical freshwater lake [J]. Plant Diversity, 2024, 46(05): 630-639.
[7]	Miao-Miao Li, Muditha K. Meegahakumbura, Moses C. Wambulwa, Kevin S. Burgess, Michael Möller, Zong-Fang Shen, De-Zhu Li, Lian-Ming Gao. Genetic analyses of ancient tea trees provide insights into the breeding history and dissemination of Chinese Assam tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) [J]. Plant Diversity, 2024, 46(02): 229-237.
[8]	Hong Qian, Jian Zhang, Meichen Jiang. Global patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of flowering plants:Biodiversity hotspots and coldspots [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(03): 265-271.
[9]	Han-Yang Lin, Miao Sun, Ya-Jun Hao, Daijiang Li, Matthew A. Gitzendanner, Cheng-Xin Fu, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Yun-Peng Zhao. Phylogenetic diversity of eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct plants is mainly associated with divergence time [J]. Plant Diversity, 2023, 45(01): 27-35.
[10]	Moses C. Wambulwa, Peng-Zhen Fan, Richard Milne, Zeng-Yuan Wu, Ya-Huang Luo, Yue-Hua Wang, Hong Wang, Lian-Ming Gao, Zuo-Ying Xiahou, Ye-Chuan Jin, Lin-Jiang Ye, Zu-Chang Xu, Zhi-Chun Yang, De-Zhu Li, Jie Liu. Genetic analysis of walnut cultivars from southwest China: Implications for germplasm improvement [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(06): 530-541.
[11]	Xiaxia Li, Lijun Qiao, Birong Chen, Yujie Zheng, Chengchen Zhi, Siyu Zhang, Yupeng Pan, Zhihui Cheng. SSR markers development and their application in genetic diversity evaluation of garlic (Allium sativum) germplasm [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(05): 481-491.
[12]	Ya-Zhou Zhang, Li-Shen Qian, Xu-Fang Chen, Lu Sun, Hang Sun, Jian-Guo Chen. Diversity patterns of cushion plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A basic study for future conservation efforts on alpine ecosystems [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(03): 231-242.
[13]	Qiao-Ming Li, Chao-Nan Cai, Wu-Mei Xu, Min Cao, Li-Qing Sha, Lu-Xiang Lin, Tian-Hua He. Adaptive genetic diversity of dominant species contributes to species co-existence and community assembly [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(03): 271-278.
[14]	Changkyun Kim, Dong-Kap Kim, Hang Sun, Joo-Hwan Kim. Phylogenetic relationship, biogeography, and conservation genetics of endangered Fraxinus chiisanensis (Oleaceae), endemic to South Korea [J]. Plant Diversity, 2022, 44(02): 170-180.
[15]	Guo-Qiang Zhang, Gui-Zhen Chen, Li-Jun Chen, Jun-Wen Zhai, Jie Huang, Xin-Yi Wu, Ming-He Li, Dong-Hui Peng, Wen-Hui Rao, Zhong-Jian Liu, Si-Ren Lan. Phylogenetic incongruence in Cymbidium orchids [J]. Plant Diversity, 2021, 43(06): 452-461.