GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits

doi:10.1007/s13659-026-00615-1

Natural Products and Bioprospecting ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 50-50.DOI: 10.1007/s13659-026-00615-1

• ORIGINAL ARTICLES • Previous Articles Next Articles

GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits

Vitor de Souza Mazucato¹, Winner Duque Rodrigues¹, Ludmilla Tonani², Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress², Paulo Cezar Vieira¹

1. Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil;
2. Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology, and Food Science, Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

Received:2026-01-07 Accepted:2026-02-23 Online:2026-08-29 Published:2026-08-22
Contact: Paulo Cezar Vieira,E-mail:pcvieira@fcfrp.usp.br
Supported by:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, #2013/07600-3, Paulo Cezar Vieira, #2023/03346-7, Winner Duque Rodrigues, #2023/12463-7, Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, 001, Vitor de Souza Mazucato

GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits

Vitor de Souza Mazucato¹, Winner Duque Rodrigues¹, Ludmilla Tonani², Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress², Paulo Cezar Vieira¹

1. Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil;
2. Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology, and Food Science, Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

通讯作者: Paulo Cezar Vieira,E-mail:pcvieira@fcfrp.usp.br
基金资助:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, #2013/07600-3, Paulo Cezar Vieira, #2023/03346-7, Winner Duque Rodrigues, #2023/12463-7, Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, 001, Vitor de Souza Mazucato

Abstract

Abstract: Fungi are a rich source of chemical diversity for bioprospecting, yet most of their metabolic potential remains unexplored. This study investigated the metabolic profile of phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium, isolated from fruits with high protease content, such as papaya and pineapple. Comparative metabolomics was used to evaluate how culture substrates and co-cultivation with the endophyte Neofusicoccum ribis modulate secondary metabolite production. Molecular Networking analysis (GNPS2) revealed an impressive diversity of 173 annotated metabolites, including one previously undescribed compound. Metabolite production was highly dependent on the substrate and fungal strain, showing a strong correlation between phylogeny and metabolic profiles. Several extracts displayed significant inhibitory activity against the protease papain, with some co-cultivation combinations further enhancing this effect. These findings highlight how environmental conditions and microbial interactions activate silent biosynthetic pathways, confirming these fungi as promising sources for bioactive molecule discovery.

Key words: Fusarium, Metabolomics, GNPS2, Natural product, Phytopathogenic

摘要： Fungi are a rich source of chemical diversity for bioprospecting, yet most of their metabolic potential remains unexplored. This study investigated the metabolic profile of phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium, isolated from fruits with high protease content, such as papaya and pineapple. Comparative metabolomics was used to evaluate how culture substrates and co-cultivation with the endophyte Neofusicoccum ribis modulate secondary metabolite production. Molecular Networking analysis (GNPS2) revealed an impressive diversity of 173 annotated metabolites, including one previously undescribed compound. Metabolite production was highly dependent on the substrate and fungal strain, showing a strong correlation between phylogeny and metabolic profiles. Several extracts displayed significant inhibitory activity against the protease papain, with some co-cultivation combinations further enhancing this effect. These findings highlight how environmental conditions and microbial interactions activate silent biosynthetic pathways, confirming these fungi as promising sources for bioactive molecule discovery.

关键词: Fusarium, Metabolomics, GNPS2, Natural product, Phytopathogenic

Vitor de Souza Mazucato, Winner Duque Rodrigues, Ludmilla Tonani, Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress, Paulo Cezar Vieira. GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits[J]. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2026, 16(4): 50-50.

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GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits

GNPS2 molecular networking reveals metabolic diversity in fungi isolated from protease-rich fruits

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