Abstract: Nine components of the essential oil of Rqbdosia rubescens were isolated by distillation and alumina column chromatography and identified by TLC, GLC, determination of physical constants and IR spectrum: a-pinene(1%), β-pinene (0. 16 % ), limonene (0.16%), 1, 8-cineole (0.33 %), P-cymene (0.16%), nonaldehyde (1.33%), decanal (1%), 0-elemene (20.3%) and palmitic acid (6.6%). Eight compounds (I-VIII)were isolated from the ether extract of the leaves by alumina or silica gel column chromatpgraphy.By means of UV, IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopy, preparation of derivatives and determination of physico-chemical constants, three of them, namely (I), (II)and(VI), were identified as oridonin, ponieidiri and a-amyrin respectively. According to the pharmacological and primary clinical findings, oridonin and ponicidin are two of the anti-neoplastic principles of this plaht.

Key words: chemical, constituents, antitumor, plant

摘要： 冬凌草含有单萜、倍半萜、二萜、三萜等一系列萜类成分．其茎叶的精油经分馏、氧化铝柱层析加以分离，通过薄层层析、气相色谱分析，物理常数和红外光谱测定，鉴定了九种成分：α-蒎烯（1％），β-蒎烯（0.16％），柠檬烯（0.16％），1，8-按叶素（0.33％），对-聚伞花素（0.16％），壬醛（1.83％），癸醛（1％），β-榄香烯（20.23％）和棕榈酸（6.6％）．其叶的乙醚提取物经氧化铝或硅胶柱层析分离得八种结晶成分（Ⅰ一Ⅷ），经紫外光谱、红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱分析，衍生物制备和物理化学常数测定，其中三种成分，即冬凌草甲素（I），冬凌草乙素(Ⅱ)和结晶 (Ⅵ）分别鉴定为 oridonin、ponicidin和α-香树脂醇。根据药理及初步临床实验结果表明冬凌草甲素和乙素均为该植物的抗癌有效成分之一。

关键词: 抗癌植物, 冬凌草, 化学, 成分