Effects of Stand Age on Functional Traits and Understory Soil Physicochemical Properties of Populus tomentosa and Their Coupling Relationships

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.06.008

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to reveal the adaptation strategy of Populus tomentosa to the environment， and to provide scientific basis for better forest management， the 10-， 20- and 35-year-old Populus tomentosa in the Yellow River floodplain of western Shandong Province were taken as the research objects， and 10 indicators of branch and leaf functional traits were measured， and the changes of community functional traits with the different stand ages were analyzed， and the main indicators affecting the changes of functional traits were clarified， and the relationships between functional traits and environmental factors were analyzed respectively. The results showed that （1）the coefficient of variation of branch density was the smallest， 10.431， and the coefficient of variation of leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio was 94.243， which indicated that leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio was greatly affected by the different stand ages， while branch density was more stable. leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratios were significantly lower than 14 in three stand ages， indicated that the growth was manly limited by nitrogen. （2）As the age of the forest increased， the soil environment was improved， soil total nitrogen and soil available potassium showed an increasing trend， and the soil bulk density showed a decreasing trend， these changes were conducive to the better growth of P.tomentosa. （3）Among the environmental factors， stand density， soil available potassium content， soil bulk density and soil water content were the environmental factors that significantly affecting the growth of P.tomentosa. The results proved that the functional traits of the P.tomentosa showed strong adaptability in balancing growth and environmental changes at different stand ages， and that the growth of P.tomentosa in this region was mainly limited by nitrogen， so nitrogen fertilizer could be applied appropriately to facilitate its growth.

Key words: stand age, plantation forest, leaf functional traits, Populus tomentosa, Yellow River floodplain

CLC Number:

S792.11

Yuwei YANG, Baohui HE, Xuejiao HAN, Haixiang SHI, Guimin ZHANG, Xinghui LU. Effects of Stand Age on Functional Traits and Understory Soil Physicochemical Properties of Populus tomentosa and Their Coupling Relationships[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(6): 857-867.

Figures/Tables 8

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林龄 Stand ages/a	叶面积 A_L/cm2	叶鲜质量 m_LF/g	叶干质量 m_LD/g	比叶面积 A_SL/（cm²·g^-1）	叶干物质含量 C_LDM/%	枝条密度 D_W/（g·cm^-3）	叶片全钾质量分数 ω（K_L）/（g·kg^-1）	叶片全氮质量分数 ω（N_L）/（g·kg^-1）	叶片全磷质量分数 ω（P_L）/（g·kg^-1）	叶片氮磷比 ω（N_L）/ω（P_L）
10	54.328±28.666	0.993±0.604	0.427±0.302	14.059±2.583	0.412±0.057	0.433±0.036	3.255±0.409	0.449±0.180	1.457±0.777	0.367±0.138
20	60.424±16.393	1.311±0.397	0.523±0.186	12.062±2.456	0.400±0.070	0.442±0.057	1.835±0.811	1.462±0.721	1.409±0.781	1.820±1.653
35	71.791±16.090	1.644±0.472	0.691±0.215	10.780±1.872	0.421±0.065	0.461±0.041	1.446±1.026	1.732±0.529	0.885±0.369	2.463±1.370
数值范围 Numerical range	16.502~242.166	0.275~5.237	0.106~2.342	5.335~21.557	0.149~0.836	0.311~0.571	0.483~3.710	0.167~2.520	0.244~2.823	0.207~3.828
变异系数 C_V/%	40.545	47.658	53.740	21.519	15.366	10.431	51.822	60.950	56.296	94.243

不同林龄 Different stand ages/a	土壤容重 S_BD/（g·cm^-3）	土壤含水量 S_WC/%	土壤全氮质量分数 ω（N_S）/（g·kg^-1）	土壤速效钾 ω（K_SA）/（mg·kg^-1）	土壤速效磷 ω（P_SA）/（mg·kg^-1）	土壤氮磷比 ω（N_S）∶ω（P_SA）	林分密度 D_S/（individual·m^-2）
P	0.001**	0.000***	0.002**	0.014*	0.005**	0.001***	<0.001***
10	1.28±0.04a	0.08±0.02b	0.56±0.11b	60.75±5.28b	0.44±0.28a	1.45±0.41b	28.58±9.17a
20	1.18±0.08b	0.14±0.05a	0.93±0.47a	76.25±24.27ab	0.23±0.12b	5.85±4.23a	17.67±3.87b
35	1.17±0.07b	0.13±0.01a	1.03±0.29a	88.29±29.21a	0.24±0.04b	4.36±1.37a	9.57±2.31c
F	8.765	12.33	7.26	4.801	6.154	9.448	35.322

指标 Index	主成分1 Principal component 1	主成分2 Principal component 2	公因子方差 Common factor variance
叶面积 A_L	0.915	0.198	0.876
叶鲜质量 m_LF	0.966	0.003	0.934
叶干质量 m_LD	0.939	0.311	0.979
比叶面积 A_SL	-0.850	-0.361	0.853
叶干物质含量 C_LDM	0.407	0.774	0.764
叶全钾质量分数 ω（K_L）	-0.543	0.784	0.910
叶全氮质量分数 ω（N_L）	0.542	-0.787	0.913
叶全磷质量分数 ω（P_L）	0.135	0.852	0.745
叶片氮磷比 ω（N_L）∶ω（P_L）	0.400	-0.901	0.971
特征值 Eigenvalue	4.308	3.637	—
贡献率 Contribution rate/%	47.868	47.868	—
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/%	40.408	88.276	—

性状 Trait	逐步回归方程 stepwise regression equations	标准化回归系数（B） standardized regression coefficient	R2
叶面积A_L/cm2	A_L=32.804+54.649x₁-101.518x₂-1.23x₃	B（x₁）=0.302，B（x₂）=-0.263，B（x₃）=-0.807	0.515 0^**
叶鲜质量m_LF/g	m_LF=1.943+0.003x₄-0.047x₅-0.033x₃	B（x₄）=0.178，B（x₅）=-0.370，B（x₃）=-0.826	0.616 8^**
叶干质量m_LD/（g）	m_LD=0.988-0.029x₅-0.017x₃	B（x₅）=-0.298，B（x₃）=-0.871	0.516 0^**
比叶面积A_SL/（cm²·g^-1）	A_SL=8.282-1.475x₆+0.456x₅+0.182x₃	B（x₆）=-0.268，B（x₅）=0.680，B（x₃）=0.863	0.681 1^**
叶干物质含量C_LDM/%	C_LDM=0.030+0.349x₁-0.002x₃	B（x₁）=0.575，B（x₃）=-0.412	0.271 9^*
枝条密度D_W/（g·cm^-3）	D_W=0.413+0.366x₂-0.003x₅	B（x₅）=-0.306，B（x₂）=0.436	0.235 4^*
叶全钾质量分数ω（K_L）/（g·kg^-1）	ω（K_L）=3.514-0.023x₄-0.087x₅+0.039x₃	B（x₄）=-0.515，B（x₅）=-0.238，B（x₃）=0.344	0.766 1^**
叶全氮质量分数ω（N_L）/（g·kg^-1）	ω（N_L）=0.588+0.012x₄+0.067x₅-0.030x₃	B（x₄）=0.406，B（x₅）=0.271，B（x₃）=-0.390	0.703 4^**
叶全磷质量分数ω（P_L）/（g·kg^-1）	ω（P_L）=-1.739+3.071x₁-0.010x₄	B_（x1）=0.363，B（x₄）=-0.351	0.324 5^*
叶片氮磷比ω（N_L）∶ω（P_L）	ω（N_L）∶ω（P_L）=-1.979+0.039x₄+0.149x₅	B（x₄）=0.651，B（x₅）=0.302	0.699 4^**

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