Bulletin of Botanical Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 9-19.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2023.01.002

• Systematic and Evolutionary • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Chromosome Number and Karyotype Analysis of Different Populations in Sophora alopecuroides (Fabaceae)

Xiayu HU1,2, Yuping LIU1,2, Xu SU1,2,3(), Ping YANG1,2, Yanan WANG1,2   

  1. 1.School of Life Sciences，Qinghai Normal University，Xining 810008
    2.Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability，Xining 810016
    3.Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province，Qinghai Normal University，Xining 810008
  • Received:2022-03-10 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2022-12-23
  • Contact: Xu SU E-mail:xusu8527972@126.com
  • About author:HU Xiayu（1997—），male，postgraduate student，engaged in system and evolution of alpine plants.
  • Supported by:
    Under the Auspices of the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province(2022-ZJ-913);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41761009);Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research（STEP） Program(2019QZKK0502)

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Abstract:

In order to explore the karyotype characteristics and evolutionary relationship of different populations of Sophora alopecuroides， the karyotype characteristics and evolutionary of six natural geographic populations distributed in Inner Mongolia， Gansu， Ningxia were analyzed respectively， and chromosome conventional slicing technology was used. The results showed that the number of chromosomes in six populations of S. alopecuroides was constant，2n=2x=36. There were two types of central centromere（m） chromosome and sub-central centromere（sm） chromosome in three populations. Chromosomes of most populations were only central centromere chromosome except for Population 3 in Wuwei， Gansu， with central centromere and sub-central centromere chromosome. The average arm ratio of chromosomes ranged from 1.19 to 1.37， the length ratio was between 1.72 and 2.19， and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was from 54.30% to 57.17%. There were three types of karyotypes including 1A， 3A and 2B for S. alopecuroides. The karyotype asymmetry coefficient of population 3 of S. alopecuroides was the largest and the evolutionary degree was the highest， while those of population 19（Ordos， Inner Mongolia） was the smallest and the lowest. Cluster analysis showed that the six populations of S. alopecuroides were aggregated into two major branches of A and B. Branch A could be divided into two subclades of C and D. Among them， population 5（Wuwei， Gansu） and population 13（Alxa， Inner Mongolia） were clustered into subclade C， which had the closest relationship， whereas population 3 was clustered into subclade D alone， which was relatively distant with two populations from subclade C. Similarly， branch B could be further divided into subclade E and subclade F respectively. Subclade E was consisted of population 19 and population 43（Ordos， Inner Mongolia）， which had the closer relationship， while Subclade F only contained population 17（Yinchuan， Ningxia）， which had the relatively distant with two populations from subclade E. In this study， the chromosome number， karyotype characteristics and evolutionary trend of S. alopecuroides were discussed at the population level， which provided cytological evidence for further studying the system and evolution， and genetic diversity of germplasm resources of S. alopecuroides.

Key words: Sophora alopecuroides, chromosome, karyotype, evolutionary trend, clustering analysis

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