植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 827-836.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.05.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

抗松材线虫病落叶松优良家系选择

赵敏1, 王峰1,2,3,4, 王佳楠2, 于淇2, 张含国1, 张磊1()   

  1. 1.林木遗传育种全国重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨 150040
    2.黑龙江省外来林木病虫害监测与防控重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨 150040
    3.森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨 150040
    4.辽宁省危险性林业有害生物防控重点实验室(沈阳工学院),沈阳 110001
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-16 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 张磊 E-mail:zhanglei@nefu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵敏(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事落叶松高抗新种质选育研究。
  • 基金资助:
    农业生物育种重大项目(2022ZD040160203)

Selection of Superior Families of Larch Resistant to Pine Wood Nematode Disease

Min ZHAO1, Feng WANG1,2,3,4, Jianan WANG2, Qi YU2, Hanguo ZHANG1, Lei ZHANG1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040
    2.Key Laboratory of Alien Forest Pest Detection and Control-Heilongjiang Province(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040
    3.Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education(Northeast Forestry University),Harbin 150040
    4.Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Dangerous Forest Pest Management and Control(Shenyang Institute of Technology),Shenyang 110001
  • Received:2024-10-16 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-28
  • Contact: Lei ZHANG E-mail:zhanglei@nefu.edu.cn

摘要:

该研究以2年生18个落叶松(Larix gmelinii)实生苗家系为试验对象,采用剥皮套管法接种强致病性松材线虫株系FSBX。通过计算落叶松抗显症得分、抗虫得分和抗病得分,综合筛选抗松材线虫落叶松家系。通过测定接种后第0、5、10、15天针叶叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗氧化物酶(POD)活性等指标,探究落叶松在抵抗松材线虫过程中生理指标变化趋势。结果表明:抗病得分最高的落叶松是家系1311,其次是家系1305和1310。不同抗性的落叶松针叶叶绿素含量变化趋势均为先降低后升高再降低。POD活性则表现为先降低后升高再小幅降低的趋势,接种第15天时,高抗家系的POD活性显著高于其他家系;SOD活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,接种第10天时达到峰值,高抗家系显著高于其他家系。可溶性蛋白含量表现出先降低后升高的趋势,在接种第15天时,高抗家系的可溶性蛋白含量高于其他2组,差异不显著。可溶性糖含量呈现先降低后升高再降低的趋势,接种第10天时各家系可溶性糖含量达到峰值,且感病家系可溶性糖含量高于中抗家系,而中抗家系可溶性糖含量高于高抗家系,三者差异不显著。综上,高抗家系落叶松在针叶叶绿素含量、POD和SOD活性方面表现出显著优势,而可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量普遍低于其他家系,但在病害后期,高抗家系的生理指标高于中抗及感病家系,说明高抗家系在逆境胁迫后期仍能维持较高的抗逆性。

关键词: 松材线虫, 落叶松, 家系选择, 生理生化, 生长性状

Abstract:

In this study, 18 2-year-old Larix gmelinii families were used as materials, and the seedlings were inoculated with the highly pathogenic pine wood nematode strain FSBX by peeling casing method. By calculating the anti-symptom score, insect resistance score and disease resistance score, the larch families with resistance to pine nematode disease were comprehensively screened. Physiological indicators including contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were measured at 0th, 5th, 10th and 15th day post-inoculation, respectively. The change trend of physiological indexes of larch in the process of resistance to pine wood nematode was explored. The results indicated that larch family 1311 achieved the highest disease resistance score, followed by families 1305 and 1310. Chlorophyll content of the larch families with all resistance levels initially decreased, then increased, and then decreased again. POD activity showed a pattern of first decreasing, then increasing and then slightly declined. On the 15th day, highly resistant families demonstrated significantly higher POD activity than that of the other families. SOD activity displayed an initial increase, followed by a decrease and peaking on the 10th day, and highly resistant families showed significantly higher levels than that of the other families. The soluble protein content showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. On the 15th day, the soluble protein content of the high-resistance family was higher than that of the other two groups, and the difference was not significant. Soluble sugar content showed a decrease-increase-decrease pattern, peaking on the 10th day for all families, and susceptible families showed higher levels than moderate-resistance families, and that moderate-resistance families showed higher levels than high-resistance families, but there was no significant difference among the three groups. In conclusion, the high-resistance families showed significant advantages in chlorophyll content, POD and SOD activity, while the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein were generally lower than those of the other families. However, in the later stage of inoculation, the physiological indexes of high-resistance families were higher than those of medium-resistance and susceptible families, indicating that high-resistance families could maintain high resistance in the later stage of inoculation.

Key words: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Larix gmelinii, family selection, physiology and biochemistry, growth characteristics

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