芍药苞片泌蜜部位结构研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2026.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

芍药（Paeonia lactiflora）苞片在花蕾期存在分泌蜜液的现象，但其泌蜜部位缺乏典型蜜腺的外部形态特征。为阐明芍药苞片泌蜜现象的结构基础，本研究采用半薄切片与超薄切片技术，结合光学显微镜、透射电镜及扫描电镜，对不同发育时期的芍药苞片进行了显微与超微结构观察。结果表明：（1）芍药苞片由表皮、下皮层、基本薄壁组织和维管束构成。展叶期，苞片表皮、部分下皮层细胞及少数薄壁细胞经甲苯胺蓝染色呈显著深色；紧实期，上述细胞染色随蜜液排出而变浅。（2）展叶期苞片的内部组织呈现出分泌细胞的超微结构特征，细胞器丰富、细胞质致密、胞间连丝发达，构成了芍药苞片泌蜜的结构基础。（3）蜜液主要通过气孔向外分泌，其泌蜜过程可能涉及共质体与质外体途径及胞吐作用。综上，芍药苞片在发育过程中未分化出形态独立、功能特化的蜜腺组织，而是通过自身组织的功能特化完成泌蜜活动，该结果进一步丰富了被子植物蜜腺结构的多样性。

关键词: 芍药, 苞片, 泌蜜, 蜜腺

Abstract:

Although the bracts of Paeonia lactiflora secrete nectar during the bud stage， their secretory sites lack the external morphological characteristics of typical nectaries. To clarify the structural basis of this phenomenon， this study employed semi-thin and ultra-thin sectioning techniques， combined with light microscopy， transmission electron microscopy， and scanning electron microscopy， to observe the microstructural and ultrastructural features of P. lactiflora bracts at different developmental stages. The results showed that：（1）The bracts comprise the epidermis， hypodermis， ground parenchyma， and vascular bundles. During the leaf-expansion stage， the epidermis， some hypodermal cells， and a few parenchyma cells stained deeply with toluidine blue； at the firm stage， staining in these cells became lighter as nectar was secreted. （2）At the leaf-expansion stage， the internal tissues of the bracts exhibited the ultrastructural features of secretory cells： abundant organelles， dense cytoplasm， and well-developed plasmodesmata， which constitute the structural basis for nectar secretion. （3）Nectar is primarily secreted through stomata， and the secretion process may involve symplastic and apoplastic pathways as well as exocytosis. In conclusion， P. lactiflora bracts do not differentiate into morphologically independent and functionally specialized nectary tissues during development， rather， they achieve nectar secretion through the functional specialization of existing tissues， thereby enriching the diversity of nectary structures in angiosperms.

Key words: Paeonia lactiflora, bracts, nectar secretion, nectary

中图分类号:

Q944.5

郭伟娜, 李刚, 徐晓丽, 赵莉, 程磊. 芍药苞片泌蜜部位结构研究[J]. 植物研究, 2026, 46(5): 927-937.

Weina GUO, Gang LI, Xiaoli XU, Li ZHAO, Lei CHENG. Structural Analysis of Nectar-Secreting Sites in the Bracts of Paeonia lactiflora[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2026, 46(5): 927-937.

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