莲科系统学和遗传多样性研究现状

Plant Diversity ›› 2006, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (04): 341-348.

莲科系统学和遗传多样性研究现状

田红丽; 周世良

中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室

收稿日期:2005-11-14 出版日期:2006-08-25 发布日期:2006-08-25
通讯作者: 周世良

A Review on Systematics and Genetic Diversity of Nelumbonaceae

TIAN Hong-Li; ZHOU Shi-Liang

State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany , Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences

Received:2005-11-14 Online:2006-08-25 Published:2006-08-25
Contact: ZHOU Shi-Liang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分析回顾了莲科的系统位置、莲品种分类的现状与问题和莲的遗传多样性。莲科(Nelumbonaceae )植物传统上被归入睡莲科(Nymphaeaceae )。许多研究表明, 莲科与睡莲科在形态、细胞、孢粉等方面差异很大, 因而建立莲科, 置于睡莲目(Nymphaeales) 、毛茛目(Ranunculales) 或莲目(Nelumbonales) 中。分子系统学研究发现, 睡莲科为被子植物的基部类群之一, 而莲科则是真双子叶植物的基部类群之一, 与山龙眼科和悬铃木科有密切关系。莲科含莲( Nelumbo nucifera) 和美洲黄莲( N. lutea) 两种, 间断分布于太平洋的两岸。莲在我国有悠久的栽培历史和广大的栽培面积, 栽培品种超过600 个。由于杂交和反复回交的原因, 品种之间的遗传关系非常复杂。莲的遗传资源的研究还很不充分, 尤其是野生类型。对一些栽培
品种的研究其实验材料又含有美洲黄莲的遗传组分, 因而多高估了莲的遗传多样性。

关键词: 莲科, 莲属, 品种, 遗传多样性, 系统学FONT

Abstract: This review summarizes the recent ideas on (1) the systematics of Nelumbonaceae; ( 2) the classification of lotus cultivars; and (3) genetic diversity of lotus. The plants of the Nelumbonaceae were formerly grouped in the Nymphaeaceae. Evidences from comparative morphology, cytology, palynology and embryogenesis etc. supported Nelumbonaceae as a family in Nymphaeales, Ranunculales or Nelumbonales. Recent phylogenetic reconstruction based on DNA sequence demonstrated that Nelumbonaceae is a basal family of eudicots, closely related to Proteaceae and Planataceae. It is generally accepted and reconfirmed that Nelumbonaceae is consisted of two disjunct species, N. nucifera and N. lutea, though their hybrids are fertile. China has a very long history of cultivation of N. nucifera, over 600 cultivars are now under cultivation. Hybridization between cultivars complicated the relationships among cultivars. The genetic variations of lotus have not been well understood, especially for wild lotus. Genetic diversity revealed bymolecular markers overestimated the actual levels due to lumping together the cultivars of the two species.

Key words: Nelumbonaceae

中图分类号:

Q 949
Q 948

田红丽; 周世良 . 莲科系统学和遗传多样性研究现状[J]. Plant Diversity, 2006, 28(04): 341-348.

TIAN Hong-Li; ZHOU Shi-Liang. A Review on Systematics and Genetic Diversity of Nelumbonaceae[J]. Plant Diversity, 2006, 28(04): 341-348.

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