Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis

doi:10.1007/s13659-014-0039-x

Natural Products and Bioprospecting ›› 2014, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (5): 297-308.DOI: 10.1007/s13659-014-0039-x

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Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis

Fang-Fang Liu^1,2, Yan-Ming Wang^1,4, Hong-Tao Zhu¹, Dong Wang¹, Chong-Ren Yang¹, Min Xu¹, Ying-Jun Zhang¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China;
2. Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China

Received:2014-08-21 Revised:2014-09-17 Online:2018-02-11 Published:2014-10-24
Supported by:
This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Yunnan Province(2010CD106), the 973 Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of P. R. China(2011CB915503), the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, KIB, CAS(P2010-ZZ03) and The Fourteenth Candidates of the Young Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(Min XU, 2011CI044).

Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis

Fang-Fang Liu^1,2, Yan-Ming Wang^1,4, Hong-Tao Zhu¹, Dong Wang¹, Chong-Ren Yang¹, Min Xu¹, Ying-Jun Zhang¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China;
2. Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China

通讯作者: Min Xu,e-mail:xumin@mail.kib.ac.cn;Ying-Jun Zhang,e-mail:zhangyj@mail.kib.ac.cn
基金资助:
This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Yunnan Province(2010CD106), the 973 Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of P. R. China(2011CB915503), the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, KIB, CAS(P2010-ZZ03) and The Fourteenth Candidates of the Young Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(Min XU, 2011CI044).

Abstract

Abstract: "Long-Dan" and "Qin-Jiao" are two important TCM herbs since ancient times in China. In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the dried roots and rhizomes of four species from the genus Gentiana, e.g. Gentiana manshurica, G. scabra, G. triflora and G. rigescens, are recorded under the name of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma("Long-Dan" in Chinese), while the other four species from the same genus including G. macrophylla, G. crassicaulis, G. straminea and G. duhurica are recorded and used as the raw materials of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix("Qin-Jiao" in Chinese). On the basis of the establishment of a validated HPLC-UV method for quantifying simultaneously, five iridoid glycosides, e.g. loganic acid(1), swertiamarinin(2), gentiopicroside(3), sweroside(4) and 2'-(o, m-dihydroxybenzyl) sweroside(5) have been used successfully as chemical markers for the comparison of the species used as "Long-Dan", "Qin-Jiao" and their adulterants in the present study. The results suggested that four iridoid glycosides 1-4 commonly existed in both "Long-Dan" and "Qin-Jiao", while 2'-(o, m-dihydroxybenzyl) sweroside(5) also existed as one of the major components in "Dian-Long-Dan" species. Moreover, the contents of compounds 1-5 were various in different "LongDan" and "Qin-Jiao" species. Herein, we profiled and compared three "Long-Dan" species, four "Qin-Jiao" species and five adulterants by applying multivariate statistical techniques to their HPLC data sets to establish the differences and/or similarities.

Key words: "Long-Dan", "Qin-Jiao", Gentiana, HPLC analysis, Iridoid glycosides

摘要： "Long-Dan" and "Qin-Jiao" are two important TCM herbs since ancient times in China. In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the dried roots and rhizomes of four species from the genus Gentiana, e.g. Gentiana manshurica, G. scabra, G. triflora and G. rigescens, are recorded under the name of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma("Long-Dan" in Chinese), while the other four species from the same genus including G. macrophylla, G. crassicaulis, G. straminea and G. duhurica are recorded and used as the raw materials of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix("Qin-Jiao" in Chinese). On the basis of the establishment of a validated HPLC-UV method for quantifying simultaneously, five iridoid glycosides, e.g. loganic acid(1), swertiamarinin(2), gentiopicroside(3), sweroside(4) and 2'-(o, m-dihydroxybenzyl) sweroside(5) have been used successfully as chemical markers for the comparison of the species used as "Long-Dan", "Qin-Jiao" and their adulterants in the present study. The results suggested that four iridoid glycosides 1-4 commonly existed in both "Long-Dan" and "Qin-Jiao", while 2'-(o, m-dihydroxybenzyl) sweroside(5) also existed as one of the major components in "Dian-Long-Dan" species. Moreover, the contents of compounds 1-5 were various in different "LongDan" and "Qin-Jiao" species. Herein, we profiled and compared three "Long-Dan" species, four "Qin-Jiao" species and five adulterants by applying multivariate statistical techniques to their HPLC data sets to establish the differences and/or similarities.

关键词: "Long-Dan", "Qin-Jiao", Gentiana, HPLC analysis, Iridoid glycosides

Fang-Fang Liu, Yan-Ming Wang, Hong-Tao Zhu, Dong Wang, Chong-Ren Yang, Min Xu, Ying-Jun Zhang. Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis[J]. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2014, 4(5): 297-308.

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Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis

Comparative Study on “Long-Dan”, “Qin-Jiao” and Their Adulterants by HPLC Analysis

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