The Genus Carissa: An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review

doi:10.1007/s13659-017-0123-0

Abstract

Abstract: Carissa L. is a genus of the family Apocynaceae, with about 36 species as evergreen shrubs or small trees native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Oceania. Most of Carissa plants have been employed and utilized in traditional medicine for various ailments, such as headache, chest complains, rheumatism, oedema, gonorrhoea, syphilis, rabies. So far, only nine Carissa species have been phytochemically studied, which led to the identification of 123 compounds including terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, sterols, simple phenolic compounds, fatty acids and esters, and so on. Pharmacological studies on Carissa species have also indicated various bioactive potentials. This review covers the peerreviewed articles between 1954 and 2016, retrieved from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Wikipedia and Baidu, using "Carissa" as search term ("all fields") and with no specific time frame set for search. Fifteen important medicinal or ornamental Carissa species were selected and summarized on their botanical characteristics, geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities.

Key words: Carissa, Apocynaceae, Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Triterpenes, Nortrachelogenin, Pharmacology

摘要： Carissa L. is a genus of the family Apocynaceae, with about 36 species as evergreen shrubs or small trees native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Oceania. Most of Carissa plants have been employed and utilized in traditional medicine for various ailments, such as headache, chest complains, rheumatism, oedema, gonorrhoea, syphilis, rabies. So far, only nine Carissa species have been phytochemically studied, which led to the identification of 123 compounds including terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, sterols, simple phenolic compounds, fatty acids and esters, and so on. Pharmacological studies on Carissa species have also indicated various bioactive potentials. This review covers the peerreviewed articles between 1954 and 2016, retrieved from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Wikipedia and Baidu, using "Carissa" as search term ("all fields") and with no specific time frame set for search. Fifteen important medicinal or ornamental Carissa species were selected and summarized on their botanical characteristics, geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities.

关键词: Carissa, Apocynaceae, Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, Triterpenes, Nortrachelogenin, Pharmacology

Joseph Sakah Kaunda, Ying-Jun Zhang. The Genus Carissa: An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review[J]. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2017, 7(2): 181-199.

Joseph Sakah Kaunda, Ying-Jun Zhang. The Genus Carissa: An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review[J]. 应用天然产物, 2017, 7(2): 181-199.

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