Influences of Fertilization on Growth and Fruiting of Fraxinus mandschurica

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2017.02.019

Abstract

Abstract: The experiment was conducted to study the effect of fertilization on growth and flowering of Fraxinus mandschurica. Fertilizers with the orthogonal test containing 3 factors and 3 levels of N, P and K were formulated. The study materials included 2-year-old grafting seedlings of F.mandschurica, 13-year-old juvenile F.mandschurica and 29-year-old adult F.mandschurica. Height and ground diameter of grafting seedlings, height and DBH(diameter at breast height) of juvenile, flowering rate and seed setting rate of adult were measured. The results showed that fertilization promoted the growth of F.mandschurica. For grafting seedlings, the order of effect of 3 fertilizers on height growth and ground diameter growth is N > P > K, and the optimal combination is with N of 0.006 kg, P of 0.012 kg and K of 0.008 kg. For the juvenile, the order of effect of 3 fertilizers on height growth and diameter growth is N > P > K, and the optimal combination is with N of 0.15 kg, P of 0.3 kg and K of 0.2 kg. For adult trees, the order of effect of 3 fertilizers on flowering rate and seed setting rate is N > K > P, and the optimal combination is with N of 0.3 kg, P of 0.6 kg, and K of 0.4 kg. Therefore, the fertilization could improve the growth of F.mandschurica.

Key words: Fraxinus mandschurica, fertilization, orthogonal test, growth indexes, flowering and fruiting

CLC Number:

Q949.776.2

WANG Xi-Gang, ZHAN Ya-Guang, ZHANG Gui-Qin, YAN Chao-Fu, LI Xiang, ZENG Fan-Suo. Influences of Fertilization on Growth and Fruiting of Fraxinus mandschurica[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(2): 298-303.

References

1. 易雪梅,张悦,王远遐,等. 长白山水曲柳种群动态[J]. 生态学报,2015,35(1):91-97.Yi X M,Zhang Y,Wang Y X,et al. Population structure of Fraxinus mandshurica on Changbai Mountain[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(1):91-97.
2. 孔冬梅,沈海龙,吕晋慧. 水曲柳雌花发育、大孢子发生及胚胎发育的解剖学观察[J]. 植物研究,2008,28(4):387-391.Kong D M,Shen H L,Lü J H. Anatomic observation on female flower development,megasporogenesis and embryo development of Fraxinus mandshurica[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research,2008,28(4):387-391.
3. Zhu Z,Qi F H,Yan C F,et al. Sexually different morphological,physiological and molecular responses of Fraxinus mandshurica flowers to floral development and chilling stress[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2016,99:97-107.
4. 谷加存,楚旭,王政权. 水曲柳人工林直径生长与培育技术[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2010,38(9):7-9,57.Gu J C,Chu X,Wang Z Q. Diameter growth of Fraxinus mandshurica and its relation to silviculture techniques[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2010,38(9):7-9,57.
5. Gao Y,Yu B,Wang X H,et al. Orthogonal test design to optimize products and to characterize heavy oil via biomass hydrothermal treatment[J]. Energy,2015,88:139-148.
6. Gao J,Yin J,Zhu F F,et al. Orthogonal test design to optimize the operating parameters of CO₂ desorption from a hybrid solvent MEA-Methanol in a packing stripper[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2016,64:196-202.
7. Xia S X,Lin R,Cui X,et al. The application of orthogonal test method in the parameters optimization of PEMFC under steady working condition[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2016,41(26):11380-11390.
8. 郭睿达,曾凡锁,詹亚光,等. 水曲柳优树子代测定与家系选育技术[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2013,41(5):1-6.Guo R D,Zeng F S,Zhan Y G,et al. Progeny test of superior trees for Fraxinus mandshurica and pedigree breeding[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2013,41(5):1-6.
9. 王金国,闫朝福,张含国,等. 苇河青山林木良种基地优异种质资源评价[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2011,39(7):25-29,45.Wang J G,Yan C F,Zhang H G,et al. Germplasm evaluation of qing shan excellent seed base in Weihe[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2011,39(7):25-29,45.
10. 赵好,陈金林,于彬,等. 杨树速生丰产配方施肥试验[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2009,37(11):26-28.Zhao H,Chen J L,Yu B,et al. Formulated fertilization for fast-growing and high-yield poplar plantation[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2009,37(11):26-28.
11. 孔凡斌. 马尾松开花结实特征及种子产量预测[J]. 林业科学研究,2002,15(2):150-155.Kong F B. Study on characteristics of flowering and fruiting and seed crop prediction of masson pine[J]. Forest Research,2002,15(2):150-155.
12. 李玲玲. 红松人工林果实产量预估模型[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014.Li L L. Prediction model of pine nut yield for Korean pine plantation[D]. Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2014.
13. 石丽艳,孙洪志. 针叶树种结实量预测方法综述[J]. 森林工程,2005,21(2):1-3.
Shi L Y,Sun H Z. Review on the prediction methods of coniferous trees cone production[J]. Forest Engineering,2005,21(2):1-3.
14. Adams H D,Germino M J,Breshears D D,et al. Nonstructural leaf carbohydrate dynamics of Pinus edulis during drought-induced tree mortality reveal role for carbon metabolism in mortality mechanism[J]. New Phytologist,2013,197(4):1142-1151.
15. Zhang X X,Liu Z W,Zhu B C,et al. Impacts of mixed litter decomposition from Robinia pseudoacacia and other tree species on C loss and nutrient release in the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Journal of Forestry Research,2016,27(3):525-532.
16. Michalopoulos C,Koufopoulou S,Tzamtzis N,et al. Impact of a long-term fire retardant(Fire Trol 931) on the leaching of Ca,Mg,and K from a Mediterranean forest loamy soil[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(6):5487-5494.
17. Zhang F,Jin X X,Wang L K,et al. GhFAnnxA affects fiber elongation and secondary cell wall biosynthesis associated with Ca²⁺ influx,ROS homeostasis and actin filament reorganization[J]. Plant Physiology,2016,172(3):1750-1770.
18. Li M,Sun Y F,Wu J Z,et al. Variation in corticosterone response and corticosteroid binding-globulin during different breeding sub-stages in Eurasian tree sparrow(Passer montanus)[J]. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A:Ecological Genetics and Physiology,2016,325(1):75-83.
19. Kijidani Y,Koga S,Sakagami H,et al. Effects of application of trans-zeatin on tracheid differentiation in mature sugi(Cryptomeria japonica) trees[J]. Journal of Wood Science,2016,62(4):370-376.
20. Issifu H,Abonkra B,Ochire-boadu K,et al. Seed size polymorphism in Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss.:implications for seed propagation[J]. African Journal of Plant Science,2016,10(2):50-57.
21. Yatso K N,Lilleskov E A. Effects of tree leaf litter,deer fecal pellets,and soil properties on growth of an Introduced earthworm(Lumbricus terrestris):implications for invasion dynamics[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2016,94:181-190.
22. Zhang R,Zhang D,Cui T,et al. Effects of varying down force and planting speed on sowing depth uniformity forcorn planter. 2016 A SABE Annual International Meeting[J]. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers,2016.
23. Picchioni G A,Martinez S A,Mexal J G,et al. Vegetative growth and leaf nutrient status of ‘carpino’ chrysanthemum on a pecan wood-amended commercial substrate[J]. HortScience,2016,51(2):177-185.
24. Burdon R D,Kibblewhite R P,Walker J C,et al. Juvenile versus mature wood:a new concept,orthogonal to corewood versus outerwood,with special reference to Pinus radiata and P. taeda[J]. Forest Science,2004,50(4):399-415.
25. 薛丹,陈金林,于彬,等. 杨树苗木配方施肥试验[J]. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(5):37-40.Xue D,Chen J L,Yu B,et al. Study on formulated fertilization for poplar seedling[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition,2009,33(5):37-40.
26. 李树国. 施肥对红松幼树开花结实的影响[J]. 中国林副特产,2012,(4):30-31.Li S G. Effect of fertilization on flowering and fruiting of Pinus koraiensis[J]. Forest By-Product and Speciality in China,2012,(4):30-31.
27. 刘福妹,姜静,刘桂丰. 施肥对白桦树生长及开花结实的影响[J]. 西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):116-120.Liu F M,Jiang J,Liu G F. Effects of fertilization on the growth and flowering of Betula platyphylla[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2015,30(2):116-120.
28. Yu S,Lian H,Wang J W. Plant developmental transitions:the role of micro RNAs and sugars[J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2015,27:1-7.
29. 张海燕,王传宽,王兴昌. 温带12个树种新老树枝非结构性碳水化合物浓度比较[J]. 生态学报,2013(18):5675-5685.Zhang H Y,Wang C K,Wang X C. Comparison of concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates between new twigs and old branches for 12 temperate species[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(18):5675-5685.
30. 殷东生,沈海龙. 林木大年结实特征及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志,2016,35(2):542-550.Yin D S,Shen H L. Research review on the characteristics of mast seeding in forest trees and its influencing factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(2):542-550.

[1]	Zhuangyue LU, Zhenxin YANG, Chaofan ZHENG, Xi LUO, Nianhui CAI, Yulan XU. Effects of Combined Application of N and P on Stoichiometric Ratio of N, P and K of Pinus yunnanensis Seedlings after Stumping [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2023, 43(2): 218-230.
[2]	Qingqing ZHANG, Zaizhi ZHOU, Guihua HUANG, Weiwei ZHAO, Xiyang WANG, Guang YANG, Gaofeng LIU. Effects of Fertilizing on Trees Growth and Understory Vegetation of Young Teak Plantation [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(4): 694-703.
[3]	XING Wen-Miao, CHEN Min, FENG Chang-Yin, MENG Xian-Ming, TIAN Meng-Fei, MU Fan-Song, LUO Meng. Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Acid Hydrolysis Process for Extracting Vitexin from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. Leaf [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2020, 40(1): 148-152.
[4]	XIE Xin, QIAN Qiu-Bo-Yan, WANG Lei, WANG Qian-Xing, PING Jun-Jiao, HE Li-Fang, QIAN Gang. Cytological Features of Gametophyte Development and Zygotic Formation in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don(Compositae) [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(1): 27-34.
[5]	YIN Dong-Sheng, WEI Xiao-Hui. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Physocarpus amurensis Seedlings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(6): 828-833.
[6]	WANG Li-Yun, LIU Xiao-Jin, CUI Zhi-Yi, XU Da-Ping, YANG Zeng-Jiang, ZHANG Ning-Nan, HONG Zhou, CHEN Jia-Tang, HUANG Wei-Rong. Effects of Fertilization on the Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen. [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(2): 225-231.
[7]	ZHOU Lin；ZHANG Hui-Hui；WEI Dian-Wen；ZHANG Yue*. Effects of Fertilization on Plant Growth,Leaves Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Fruit Quality of Blueberry [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 854-859.
[8]	LI Wen-Gang；SUN Xiao-Li；GE Yun-Long；ZHAO Xiu-Hua；ZU Yuan-Gang*. Preparation Optimization and Physical-chemical Properties of Lignin Diesel [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(5): 795-800.
[9]	WANG Yi-Feng；HOU Hong-Hong；JIN Jie；ZHAO Bo；CAO Jia-Hao；LI Xiao-Jiao. Microwave-assisted Polysaccharide Extraction of Aralia chinensis L. Root and Composition Determination of Monosaccharide [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(5): 779-785.
[10]	CUI Zhi-Yuan；LIU Gui-Feng；LI Bo；GUO Hai-Feng；WEI Xing-Biao；WANG Chao. Effect of Fertilization on Woody Characteristics of Betula platyphylla [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(3): 412-417.
[11]	LI Wen；ZHANG Cheng；WANG Qing-Cheng；HAO Long-Fei；LIU Shuang. Effect of Exponential Fertilization on Growth Dynamic,Biomass Allocation and Photosynthesis of Betula platyphylla Bare-rooted Seedlings [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(3): 391-396.
[12]	LU Qi；GAO Yue；XIANG Feng-Ying；ZU Yuan-Gang*；ZHANG Ying. Polysaccharide Extraction from Peony Seed Pods by Water Bath [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(1): 154-157.
[13]	HUANG Wu-Jie;CAO Jian-Guo;WANG Quan-Xi. Microstructural Observations on the Development of Gametophytes and Oogenesis in the Fern Pteridium aquilinum* var. latiusculum [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2011, 31(2): 159-163.
[14]	ZHANG Yu;JIANG Shou-Gang;ZU Yuan-Gang;WANG Zhuo;FU Yu-Jie. Optimization of Extration of 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel from Taxus cuspidata* [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2010, 30(3): 369-372.
[15]	MA Ying;LI Kai-Long;TIAN Xin-Hua;LI Jing. Culture in Vitro and Rapid Propagation System with Potentilla fruiticosa ‘Gold Drop’ [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2009, 29(5): 623-627.