关键词: 稻, 种质资源, 多样性, 研究与利用, 贵州

Abstract:

Rice germplasm resources in Guizhou are rich in genetic diversity with relatively large variation of biological characters and various types by the natural evolution and artificial selection. Being identified and sorted systematically and comprehensively with the multi - disciplinary sciences, 5168 traditional varieties collected from 79 counties of Guizhou, accounting for about 10 of the total in China were reproduced and sent to the National Bank of Crops Germplasm Resources at CAAS for long - term con-servation. There were some of elite types including semi - dwarf, more grains per panicle, weight grain, good quality, cold and drought tolerance, resistance to diseases and pests as well. Other special elite characterized by restoring to CMS, wide compatibil-ity, and poly - embryonic seedlings were also screened. Working and administering system on rice genetic diversity by establish-ing databank for base and core collection was formed to utilize widely in rice breeding. It will be helpful to direct germplasm en-hancement and gene-pool enrichment with development of molecular biotechnology in application.

Key words: Oryza sativa, Germplasm resources, Genetic diversity, Utilization, Guizhou province