贵州毕节喀斯特地区优势植物种子萌发特性初步研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1143.2010.10123

Plant Diversity ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 539-546.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1143.2010.10123

贵州毕节喀斯特地区优势植物种子萌发特性初步研究

刘强1、2，兰芹英1、2，谭运洪1、2，沈有信1，文彬1、2

1 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 云南勐腊666303; 2 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园
种质资源库热带森林生态学重点实验室，云南勐腊666303

收稿日期:2010-06-18 出版日期:2010-12-25 发布日期:2010-10-31
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程(KSCXZSW117)；科学院战略资源支撑体系－热带植物种质资源的收集保存(08ZK121B01)；科技部平台项目-部分热带植物种质资源的整理、整合和信息化(2005DKA21006)；国家科技支撑计划课题"喀斯特山区水土保持关键技术集成研究与示范"（2007BAD53B02）

A Preliminary Study on Seed Germination of Dominant Plants from a Karst Landscape in Bijie, Guizhou

LIU Qiang-1、2, LAN Qin-Ying-1、2, TAN Yun-Hong-1、2, SHEN You-Xin-1, WEN Bin-1、2

1 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Germplasm Bank, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China

Received:2010-06-18 Online:2010-12-25 Published:2010-10-31
Supported by:
中国科学院知识创新工程(KSCXZSW117)；科学院战略资源支撑体系－热带植物种质资源的收集保存(08ZK121B01)；科技部平台项目-部分热带植物种质资源的整理、整合和信息化(2005DKA21006)；国家科技支撑计划课题"喀斯特山区水土保持关键技术集成研究与示范"（2007BAD53B02）

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对采自贵州毕节地区的11种植物的种子萌发特性进行了初步研究，结果表明：① 盐肤木、火棘、化香、云贵金丝桃与白栎种子在4周之内能够萌发；除云贵鹅耳枥胚坏死之外（萌发实验前后对种子进行解剖），其他5种植物的种子都未萌发，处于不同的休眠状态。② 盐肤木、化香、云贵金丝桃的种子光照时的萌发率远高于黑暗时的萌发率，具有显著差异，尤其是云贵金丝桃，因此3种植物种子均属于喜光性种子；而火棘与白栎种子有无光照都可以萌发，而且萌发率没显著差异，因此属于光不敏感或光中性种子。③ 盐肤木、云贵金丝桃的种子在30℃较高温条件下萌发最好；白栎、火棘种子在15℃、20℃低温条件下萌发更好；化香种子萌发温度既不能低于20℃也不能高于25℃。④ 刺异叶花椒种子吸水率高达85%，胚包埋在胚乳之中非常微小、未分化，因此可以初步判定属于形态休眠或者形态生理休眠；而平枝荀子、西域旌节花、云南旌节花种子吸水率都在20%以上，胚长/种子长都超多1/2，并且胚已发育完全，应属于生理休眠；小果蔷薇种子吸水率约27%，胚长/种子长都达2/3，并且通过对种子的解剖发现胚还未发育，应属于形态生理休眠。

关键词: 种子, 萌发, 休眠, 喀斯特地貌, 贵州

Abstract:

This study compared the germination characteristics of 11 woody species from a Karst landscape in Bijie, Guizhou Province. The results showed that: seeds of Rhus chinensis、Quercus fabri、Hypericum kouytcheouense、Platycarya strobilacea、Pyracantha fortuneana germinated within 4 weeks and the seeds of other species showed different degrees of dormancy, while seeds of Carpinus pubescens had dead embryos. Germination rate of Rhus chinensis、Hypericum kouytcheouense、Platycarya strobilacea was significantly higher in light than in dark which indicated a light demanding for germination of those species. Seeds of Quercus fabric and Pyracantha fortuneana germinated in both light and dark environment and the germination rates showed no significant difference in two treatment which indicated a nonphotoblastic germination. Germination rate of Rhus chinensis、Hypericum kouytcheouense achieved the highest level at 30℃. The optimal germination temperature for Quercus fabri and Pyracantha fortuneana were 15℃ and 20℃, respectively. The seeds cannot tolerate high temperature. The optimal germination temperature for Platycarya strobilacea was 20℃ and seeds could not tolerate both lower and higher temperature. Although the water permeability of seeds of Zanthoxylum dimorphophyllum reached up to 85%, the embryo embedded in the endosperm was very small and undeveloped. The seeds might experience morphological or morphphysiological dormancy. The water permeability of seeds of Cotoneaster horizontalis, Stachyurus himalaicus, Stachyurus yunnanensis all exceeded 20% and the ratio of embryo length and seed length reached up to 1/2 of fully developed embryos. Seeds described above might have physiological dormancy. The water permeability of seeds of Rosa cymosa was about 27% and the ratio between embryo length and seed length reached up to 2/3 and the embryo was undeveloped which indicated that the seeds might have morphophysiological dormancy.

Key words: Seed, Germination, Dormancy, Karst Mountainous Region, Guizhou Province

中图分类号:

Q 945

刘强1、2, 兰芹英1、2, 谭运洪1、2, 沈有信1, 文彬1、2. 贵州毕节喀斯特地区优势植物种子萌发特性初步研究[J]. Plant Diversity, 2010, 32(6): 539-546.

LIU Qiang-, LAN Qin-Ying-, TAN Yun-Hong-, SHEN You-Xin-, WEN Bin. A Preliminary Study on Seed Germination of Dominant Plants from a Karst Landscape in Bijie, Guizhou[J]. Plant Diversity, 2010, 32(6): 539-546.

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贵州毕节喀斯特地区优势植物种子萌发特性初步研究

A Preliminary Study on Seed Germination of Dominant Plants from a Karst Landscape in Bijie, Guizhou

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