整合生物学期刊网

Plant Diversity ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (03): 499-510.DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2024.10.005

• Articles • 上一篇    下一篇

Morphological adaptation strategy of invasive plant Ambrosia trifida seed distributed along rivers is closely related to soil nutrients

Yufeng Xua, Chenyang Xuea,b, Xuezhi Wanga, Lin Mengc, Ying Gaoc, Mengyang Yuc, Lin Gengc, Meini Shaoa, Bo Qua   

  1. a. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110016, China;
    b. Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    c. Yixian Water Conservancy Affairs Service Center, Yixian, 121100, China
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-02 修回日期:2024-10-22 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: Meini Shao,E-mail:smn@syau.edu.cn;Bo Qu,E-mail:syau_qb@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1301004), the National Key R&D Program (2023YFC2604500).

Morphological adaptation strategy of invasive plant Ambrosia trifida seed distributed along rivers is closely related to soil nutrients

Yufeng Xua, Chenyang Xuea,b, Xuezhi Wanga, Lin Mengc, Ying Gaoc, Mengyang Yuc, Lin Gengc, Meini Shaoa, Bo Qua   

  1. a. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110016, China;
    b. Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    c. Yixian Water Conservancy Affairs Service Center, Yixian, 121100, China
  • Received:2024-06-02 Revised:2024-10-22 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Meini Shao,E-mail:smn@syau.edu.cn;Bo Qu,E-mail:syau_qb@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1301004), the National Key R&D Program (2023YFC2604500).

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摘要： Rivers are crucial in the spread of invasive plants. Invasive plants alter their seed traits to adapt to environmental changes and promote invasion. Studying the trait changes in invasive plant seeds may improve the understanding of their propagation mechanisms along the river and provide appropriate control measures. In this study, seven Ambrosia trifida populations along the Liaohe River were used as study subjects. The results showed that the seven A. trifida populations were closely related and exhibited a certain gene exchange, but the absence of evidence of directed gene flow among populations did not confirm that rivers were the medium of seed dispersal of A. trifida. Along the Liaohe River, from top to bottom, the positive view area, length, width, perimeter, and thousand seed weight of A. trifida seeds showed an increasing trend. The total nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the river water of the A. trifida population in the lower reaches of the Liaohe River were higher than those at the other sites. Furthermore, along the river, from top to bottom, the available nitrogen, total nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, and organic matter contents in the soil in which A. trifida populations grew showed significant increasing trends. River structure, water quality, and soil nutrients had direct and indirect effects on seed morphology. Soil total nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter had significant positive effects on seed positive view area and perimeter, suggesting that the maternal effect played a critical role in shaping seed morphology. Our analysis showed that soil nutrients along the river may be the primary driver that governs changes in A. trifida seed traits.

关键词: Biological invasion, River, Seed morphology, Genetic differentiation

Abstract: Rivers are crucial in the spread of invasive plants. Invasive plants alter their seed traits to adapt to environmental changes and promote invasion. Studying the trait changes in invasive plant seeds may improve the understanding of their propagation mechanisms along the river and provide appropriate control measures. In this study, seven Ambrosia trifida populations along the Liaohe River were used as study subjects. The results showed that the seven A. trifida populations were closely related and exhibited a certain gene exchange, but the absence of evidence of directed gene flow among populations did not confirm that rivers were the medium of seed dispersal of A. trifida. Along the Liaohe River, from top to bottom, the positive view area, length, width, perimeter, and thousand seed weight of A. trifida seeds showed an increasing trend. The total nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the river water of the A. trifida population in the lower reaches of the Liaohe River were higher than those at the other sites. Furthermore, along the river, from top to bottom, the available nitrogen, total nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, and organic matter contents in the soil in which A. trifida populations grew showed significant increasing trends. River structure, water quality, and soil nutrients had direct and indirect effects on seed morphology. Soil total nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter had significant positive effects on seed positive view area and perimeter, suggesting that the maternal effect played a critical role in shaping seed morphology. Our analysis showed that soil nutrients along the river may be the primary driver that governs changes in A. trifida seed traits.

Key words: Biological invasion, River, Seed morphology, Genetic differentiation

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