Minimum area of primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest community based on biomass

doi:10.1007/s11676-024-01758-y

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the survey data of nine primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest plots ranging from 1 to 10.4 ha in Heilongjiang Province, this study used the moving window method and GIS technology to analyze the variation characteristics of the spatial distribution pattern of forest biomass in each plot. We explored the minimum area that can reflect the structural and functional characteristics of the primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest, and used computer simulation random sampling method to verify the accuracy of the minimum area. The results showed that: (1) Through the analysis of the spatial distribution raster map of biomass deviation in the plots at various scales of 10 − 100 m, there is a minimum area (0.64 ha) for the critical range of biomass density variation in the primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest. This minimum area based on biomass density can indirectly reflect the comprehensive characteristics of productivity level per unit area, structure, function, and environmental quality of the primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest community. (2) Using computer simulation random sampling, it was found that only by sampling in a specific plot larger than or equal to the minimum area can equivalent or similar results be achieved as random sampling within the plot, indicating that the minimum area determined by the moving window method is accurate. (3) The minimum area determined in this paper is an excellent indicator reflecting the complexity of community structure, which can be used for comparing changes in community structure and function before and after external disturbances, and has a good evaluation effect. This minimum area can also be used as a basis for scientific and reasonable setting of plot size in the investigation and monitoring work of broad-leaved Korean pine forests in this region, thereby achieving the goals of improving work efficiency and saving work costs.

Key words: Minimum area of community, Community structure, Biomass, Spatial heterogeneity, Broad-leaved Korean pine forest

Huibin Yang, Qingxi Guo. Minimum area of primitive broad-leaved Korean pine forest community based on biomass[J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2024, 35(1): 127-.

Huibin Yang, Qingxi Guo. [J]. 林业研究(英文版), 2024, 35(1): 127-.

References 50

1	Barkman JJ. A critical evaluation of minimum area concepts. Vegetatio, 1989, 85: 89-104, DOI
2	Chave J, Condit R, Aguilar S, Hernandez A, Lao S, Perez R. Error propagation and scaling for tropical forest biomass estimates. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2004, 359(1443): 409-420, DOI
3	Cohen R, Kaino J, Okello JA, Bosire JO, Kairo JG, Huxham M, Mencuccini M. Propagating uncertainty to estimates of above-ground biomass for Kenyan mangroves: a scaling procedure from tree to landscape level. For Ecol Manag, 2013, 310: 968-982, DOI
4	Cristaudo A, Restuccia A, Onofri A, Lo Giudice V, Gresta F. Species–area relationships and minimum area in citrus grove weed communities. Plant Biosyst, 2015, 149(2): 337-345, DOI
5	Dai LM, Wang QC, Deng HB, Chen G, Wang QL. Minimum sampling area and species richness of riparian community in Erdaobaihe forested watershed. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2002, 13(6): 641-645, in Chinese) DOI
6	Deng HB, Wu G, Hao ZQ, Wang QL, Dai LM, Gao L, Wang JZ. Determination of the minimum sampling area for Pinus massoniana-Quercus community and comparison of sampling methods. Acta Ecol Sin, 1999, 19(4): 499-503 (in Chinese)
7	Fahey RT, Fotis AT, Woods KD. Quantifying canopy complexity and effects on productivity and resilience in late-successional hemlock-hardwood forests. Ecol Appl, 2015, 25(3): 834-847, DOI
8	Fan XH, He HJ, Wang J, Xu CY, v Gadow K,. Tree species richness in northeastern China: geographical variation and minimum areas. Commun Ecol, 2017, 18(3): 244-252, DOI
9	Feng ZW, Wang XK, Wu G. Biomass and productivity of forest ecosystem in China, 1999 Beijing Science Press
10	Fu Y, Lei YC, Zeng WS, Hao RJ, Zhang GL, Zhong QC, Xu MS. Uncertainty assessment in aboveground biomass estimation at the regional scale using a new method considering both sampling error and model error. Can J for Res, 2017, 47(8): 1095-1103, DOI
11	Gong SF, Xu JH, Huang QF. Study on the minimum sampling area of evergreen-deciduous broadleaf forest community structure in Tongling Yeshan mountain. J Nanjing for Univ (nat Sci Ed), 2012, 36(2): 91-94, in Chinese) DOI
12	Hao ZQ, Yu DY, Yang XM, Ding ZH. α diversity of communities and their variety along altitude gradient on northern slope of Changbai mountain. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2002, 13(7): 785-789 (in Chinese)
13	He CQ, Fan F, Qiao XJ, Zhou Z, Xu H, Li S, Zhu JL, Wang SP, Tang ZY, Fang JY. Sampling origins and directions affect the minimum sampling area in forest plots. J Veg Sci, 2024, 35(1): , DOI
14	Heilongjiang Forest Editors Committee (1993) Heilongjiang Forest. Chinese Forestry Press, Beijing, pp 21–31.
15	Hopkins B. The concept of minimal area. J Ecol, 1957, 45(2): 441-449, DOI
16	Huang YY, Chen YX, Castro-Izaguirre N, Baruffol M, Brezzi M, Lang A, Li Y, Härdtle W, von Oheimb G, Yang XF, Liu XJ, Pei KQ, Both S, Yang B, Eichenberg D, Assmann T, Bauhus J, Behrens T, Buscot F, Chen XY, Chesters D, Ding BY, Durka W, Erfmeier A, Fang JY, Fischer M, Guo LD, Guo DL, Gutknecht JLM, He JS, He CL, Hector A, Hönig L, Hu RY, Klein AM, Kühn P, Liang Y, Li S, Michalski S, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Schmidt K, Scholten T, Schuldt A, Shi XZ, Tan MZ, Tang ZY, Trogisch S, Wang ZW, Welk E, Wirth C, Wubet T, Xiang WH, Yu MJ, Yu XD, Zhang JY, Zhang SR, Zhang NL, Zhou HZ, Zhu CD, Zhu L, Bruelheide H, Ma KP, Niklaus PA, Schmid B. Impacts of species richness on productivity in a large-scale subtropical forest experiment. Science, 2018, 362(6410): 80-83, DOI
17	Jiang J, Zhang CY, Zhao XH. Plant species-area relationship in a 42-hm² research plot of coniferous and board-leaved mixed forest in Jiaohe, Jilin Province China. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(1): 30-38, in Chinese) DOI
18	Kong QX, Xin ZB, Xia XP. Specie-area relationship of riparian plant community in the mountainous areas of Beijing. Acta Ecol Sin, 2018, 38(8): 2698-2709, in Chinese) DOI
19	Li DK, Ding SY, Liang GF, Zhao QH, Tang QX, Kong LH. Landscape heterogeneity of mountainous and hilly area in the western Henan Province based on moving window method. Acta Ecol Sin, 2014, 34(12): 3414-3424, in Chinese) DOI
20	Li YC (2021) Optimized method for forest aboveground biomass estimation based on remote sensing data and its spatiotemporal analysis. Dissertation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing.
21	Lima TA, Beuchle R, Griess VC, Verhegghen A, Vogt P. Spatial patterns of logging-related disturbance events: a multi-scale analysis on forest management units located in the Brazilian Amazon. Landsc Ecol, 2020, 35(9): 2083-2100, DOI
22	Lin DM, Lai JS, Mi XC, Ren HB, Ma KP. Spatial variation in community structure of a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest: Implications for sampling design. Chin Sci Bull, 2013, 58(10): 1181-1186, DOI
23	Liu N, Wang DW, Guo QX. Exploring the influence of large trees on temperate forest spatial structure from the angle of mingling. For Ecol Manag, 2021, 492, DOI
24	Liu F, Wang CK, Wang XC, Zhang JS, Zhang Z, Wang JJ. Spatial patterns of biomass in the temperate broadleaved deciduous forest within the fetch of the Maoershan flux tower. Acta Ecol Sin, 2016, 36(20): 6506-6519, in Chinese) DOI
25	Ma L, Sun GQ, Qu Y, Li JQ. Applying systematic conservation planning to constitute a protection strategy for broad-leaved Korean pine forests in Changbai mountains, China. J Mt Sci, 2016, 13: 493-507, DOI
26	Ma SQ, Kang JP, Xue ZW, Yang LL, Ma YY, Han L. Determination of the minimum sampling area for Populus pruinosa communities in desert riparian forest and comparison of research methods. Plant Sci J, 2017, 35(4): 494-502, in Chinese) DOI
27	Mascaro J, Asner GP, Muller-Landau HC, van Breugel M, Hall J, Dahlin K. Controls over aboveground forest carbon density on Barro Colorado island, Panama. Biogeosciences, 2011, 8: 1615-1629, DOI
28	McDonnell MJ, Pickett STA. Ecosystem structure and function along urban-rural gradients: an unexploited opportunity for ecology. Ecology, 1990, 71(4): 1232-1237, DOI
29	Navarro Rosales F, Bell MBV. Woody vegetation within semi-abandoned olive groves: species-area relationships and minimum area values. Mediterr Bot, 2022, 43, DOI
30	Peng M, Guo QX. Minimum area of the community spatial structure of broadleaf-Korean pine forest in Shengshan Mountain, northeastern China. J Beijing for Univ, 2016, 38(12): 21-27, in Chinese) DOI
31	Pérez-Cruzado C, Rodríguez-Soalleiro R. Improvement in accuracy of aboveground biomass estimation in Eucalyptus nitens plantations: Effect of bole sampling intensity and explanatory variables. For Ecol Manag, 2011, 261(11): 2016-2028, DOI
32	Rodrigues AC, Villa PM, Ali A, Ferreira-Júnior W, Neri AV. Fine-scale habitat differentiation shapes the composition, structure and aboveground biomass but not species richness of a tropical Atlantic forest. J for Res, 2020, 31: 1599-1611, DOI
33	Shi CY, Du F, Wang J, Yang YM. Study on biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains: I determination of the minimum sampling area for semi-moist evergreen broadleaved forest. J Southw Coll, 2007, 27(1): 11-14, in Chinese) DOI
34	Shinwell DW. The description and classification of vegetation, 1972 Seattle University of Washington Press 320-322
35	Tjørve E, Turner WR. The importance of samples and isolates for species–area relationships. Ecography, 2009, 32(3): 391-400, DOI
36	Tsai CH, Lin YC, Wiegand T, Nakazawa T, Su SH, Hsieh CH, Ding TS. Individual species-area relationship of woody plant communities in a heterogeneous subtropical monsoon rainforest. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(4): , DOI
37	Wang RZ, Guo QX. Woody plants species-area relationships in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in the Xiaoxing’an mountains. Acta Ecol Sin, 2016, 36(13): 4091-4098, in Chinese) DOI
38	Whittaker RH. Vegetation of the Siskiyou Mountains Oregon and California. Ecol Monogr, 1960, 30(3): 279-338, DOI
39	Wu XP, Zhu B, Zhao SQ, Piao SL, Fang JY. Comparison of community structure and species diversity of mixed forests of deciduous broad-leaved tree and Korean pine in Northeast China. Biodivers Sci, 2004, 12(1): 174-181, in Chinese) DOI
40	Xu LN, Jin GZ. Species composition and community structure of a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest plot in Liangshui nature reserve. Northeast China Biodivers Sci, 2012, 20(4): 470-481 (in Chinese)
41	Xu WY, Jin XB, Liu J, Yang XH, Ren J, Zhou YK. Analysis of spatio-temporal changes in forest biomass in China. J for Res, 2022, 33: 261-278, DOI
42	Yang JM, Fan WY. Theoretical model for biomass of main tree species in Xiaoxing’an mountains. J Northeast for Univ, 2011, 39(3): 46-48, in Chinese) DOI
43	Yang C, Bao R. Optimum sampling area for the studies of distribution pattern in Aneurolepidium chinensis steppe community. Acta Ecol Sin, 1986, 6(4): 324-329 (in Chinese)
44	You SS, Wang XM, Wang HW. Determination of the minimum sampling area for mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest (Castanopsis carlesii forest) in Fujian province. China J Wuhan Bot Res, 2002, 20(6): 438-442 (in Chinese)
45	Yu DP, Wang XY, Yin Y, Zhan JY, Lewis BJ, Tian J, Bao Y, Zhou WM, Zhou L, Dai LM. Estimates of forest biomass carbon storage in Liaoning province of northeast China: a review and assessment. PLoS ONE, 2014, 9(2): , DOI
46	Zeng ZQ, Tang H, Hu Q, Wang SL, Li MH, Yang R, Niu YD, Zhang CM. Tree biomass distribution patterns with a forest succession in subtropical China. Agron J, 2021, 113(2): 706-710, DOI
47	Zhang LJ, Du H, Yang ZQ, Song TQ, Zeng FP, Peng WX, Huang GQ. Topography and soil properties determine biomass and productivity indirectly via community structural and species diversity in karst forest, southwest China. Sustainability, 2022, 14(13): 7644, DOI
48	Zhang ZY, Jin GZ, Liu ZL. Effects of needle age on leaf traits and their correlations of Pinus koraiensis across different regions. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(3): 253-264, in Chinese) DOI
49	Zhao M, Zhou GS. Estimation of biomass and net primary productivity of major planted forests in China based on forest inventory data. For Ecol Manag, 2005, 207(3): 295-313, DOI
50	Zhu LJ, Wang XC, Pederson N, Chen ZJ, Cooper DJ, Zhang YD, Li ZS. Spatial variability in growth-climate relationships of amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense) and their connections with PDO in northeast China. JGR Biogeosci, 2018, 123(5): 1625-1636, DOI

[1]	Hongwei Zhou, Chaoqun Gong, Xiaodong Li, Yue Wang, Yunbo Yan. Analysis of the spatiotemporal trends and influencing factors of Hyphantria cunea in China [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2024, 35(1): 100-.
[2]	Jiacheng Zheng, Jing Yang, Hengfeng Jia, Lixin Lyu, Jiayang Langzhen, Qi-Bin Zhang. Changes of growth-climate relationships of Smith fir forests along an altitudinal gradient [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2024, 35(1): 76-.
[3]	Shengwang Meng. Species-specific and generalized allometric biomass models for eight Fagaceae species in the understory of evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2024, 35(1): 69-.
[4]	Yuanyuan Wang, Xinzhu Dai, Xingling Chen, Dan Zhang, Guiqing Lin, Yuanhang Zhou, Tianyi Wang, Yulong Cui. Effects of urbanization and forest type on species composition and diversity, forest characteristics, biomass carbon sink, and their associations in Changchun, Northeast China: implications for urban carbon stock improvement [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2024, 35(1): 36-.
[5]	Vinicius Costa Cysneiros, Allan Libanio Pelissari, Sylvio Pellico Netto, Sebastião do Amaral Machado, Afonso Figueiredo Filho. Population structure of Araucaria angustifolia under distinct forest protection status: implications for management and conservation [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(5): 1437-1446.
[6]	João Rocha, Ana Quintela, Dalila Serpa, Jan Jacob Keizer, Sérgio Fabres. Water yield and biomass production for on a eucalypt-dominated Mediterranean catchment under different climate scenarios [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(5): 1263-1278.
[7]	Xue Sun, Xingchang Wang, Chuankuan Wang, Quanzhi Zhang, Qingxi Guo. Filling the “vertical gap” between canopy tree species and understory shrub species: biomass allometric equations for subcanopy tree species [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(4): 903-913.
[8]	Xu Dou, Hongzhou Yu, Jianyu Wang, Fei Li, Qi Liu, Long Sun, Tongxin Hu. Effect of prescribed burning on the small-scale spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial biomass in Pinus koraiensis and Quercus mongolica forests of China [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(3): 609-622.
[9]	Juanjuan Zhang, Xinyang Li, Meng Chen, Linjia Huang, Ming Li, Xu Zhang, Yang Cao. Response of plant, litter, and soil C:N:P stoichiometry to growth stages in Quercus secondary forests on the Loess Plateau, China [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(3): 595-607.
[10]	Allan Motta Couto, Thiago Campos Monteiro, Paulo Fernando Trugilho, José Tarcísio Lima, José Reinaldo Moreira da Silva, Alfredo Napoli, Diego Pierre de Almeida. Influence of physical-anatomical wood variables on charcoal physical–mechanical properties [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(2): 531-538.
[11]	Jackson Freitas Brilhante de São José, Maurício Roberto Cherubin, Luciano Kayser Vargas, Bruno Brito Lisboa, Josiléia Acordi Zanatta, Elias Frank Araújo, Cimélio Bayer. A soil quality index for subtropical sandy soils under different Eucalyptus harvest residue managements [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(1): 243-255.
[12]	Tiago de Sousa Leite, Rômulo Magno Oliveira de Freitas, Nildo da Silva Dias, Jeferson Luiz Dallabona Dombroski, Narjara Walessa Nogueira. The interplay between leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment on photosynthetic and growth parameters of tropical dry forest trees [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(1): 177-186.
[13]	Wenhui Zheng, Renshan Li, Qingpeng Yang, Weidong Zhang, Ke Huang, Xin Guan, Longchi Chen, Xin Yu, Qingkui Wang, Silong Wang. Allocation patterns of nonstructural carbohydrates in response to CO₂ elevation and nitrogen deposition in Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings [J]. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH, 2023, 34(1): 87-98.