Abstract: Due to excellent characteristics, there is a vast planting area of eucalyptus in China. Its cultivation, production and processing processes will produce a large number of eucalyptus bark and sawdust, of which surplus resources are rich. It has been reported to cultivate edible fungi using eucalyptus sawdust. To analyze the difference of metabolites and their pathways in Pleurotus pulmonarius cultivated with three different substrates among eucalyptus bark, eucalyptus sawdust and miscellaneous sawdust. Based on the Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry(UHPLC-MS)technique, an untargeted metabolomic study was performed on the differences metabolites of fruit bodies of Pleurotus pulmonarius under different cultivation substrates by and Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis(OPLS-DA). The results were as follows:(1)The screening results based on Value Importance in Projection(VIP)>1 and T test P<0.05 showed that there were 45 differential metabolites and eight differential metabolite pathways between treatment Group B(eucalyptus sawdust)and control Group A(miscellaneous sawdust), 53 differential metabolites and 15 differential metabolite pathways between treatment Group C(eucalyptus sawdust)and control Group A, and 39 differential metabolites and five differential metabolite pathways between treatments Group B and Group C, respectively.(2)According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment metabolic pathway, four significant metabolic pathways were obtained between treatment Group C and control Group A, including arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and treatment groups B and C obtained one significant metabolic pathway which was Histidine metabolism, while there was no significant metabolic pathway between treatment Group B and control Group A(P>0.05). In conclusion, using the by-products of eucalyptus processing(eucalyptus bark and eucalyptus sawdust)as the main cultivation substrates of P. pulmonarius, especially eucalyptus sawdust, can realize resource recycling, reduce production costs and improve economic benefits. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of eucalyptus processing by-products in the cultivation of edible fungi.

Key words: eucalyptus processing by-products, Pleurotus pulmonarius, cultivation substrates, untargeted metabolomics, metabolic pathway

摘要： 桉树因其优异的特性在我国拥有广大的种植面积,在其栽培和生产加工过程会产生大量的桉树皮和桉木屑等副产物,其剩余物资源较丰富。目前已有利用桉木屑栽培食用菌的报道,为了解桉树皮和桉木屑与杂木屑栽培的肺形侧耳(Pleurotus pulmonarius)代谢物的差异,该研究采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry,UHPLC-MS/MS)技术,结合正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析法(Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis,OPLS-DA)对不同栽培基质条件下肺形侧耳子实体的代谢物进行了非靶向代谢组学研究。以变量权重值(Value Importance in Projection,VIP)>1结合T检验P<0.05为标准进行筛选。结果表明:(1)处理组B(桉木屑)与对照组A(杂木屑)之间有45种差异代谢产物和8种差异代谢物通路,处理组C(桉树皮)与对照组A之间有53种差异代谢产物和15种差异代谢物通路,处理组B与处理组C之间有39种差异代谢产物和5种差异代谢物通路。(2)根据KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)代谢通路富集分析处理组C和对照组A得到4条显著的代谢通路,分别为精氨酸生物合成、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、泛酸和辅酶A生物合成和丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,处理组B和处理组C得到1条显著的代谢通路为组氨酸代谢,而处理组B和对照组A中无显著性代谢通路(P>0.05)。综上表明,利用桉树皮和桉木屑作为肺形侧耳的主要栽培基质(尤其是桉木屑),可以降本增效和实现资源再利用。该研究结果为桉树加工副产物应用于食用菌栽培提供了参考。

关键词: 桉树加工副产物, 肺形侧耳, 栽培基质, 非靶向代谢组学, 代谢通路