Abstract: Based on the specimen collected from Mountain Huang Shan in Anhui Province of China during July 1956, a new species of Xerocomus astraeico-lopsis Ying et Wang is described and illustrated. This species resembles Xerocomus astraeicola Imazeki in morphological characters and parasitic habit,but differs from the latter by the characteristics that its flesh and tubes remain unchanged in colour when touched or cut, spores 9.1-10.9 (-12.3) x 4 -5.4 um honey-coloured in KOH and in Mel- zer's slightly pale brown, inamyloid., The stipe is sordid ochraceus and the pleurocystidia are significantly smaller than those of X. astraeicola. The type specimen of new species is deposited in the Herbarium Mgcologicum, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China.

Key words: new species, genus, xerocomus, China

摘要： 菌盖宽2.5—4厘米，平展，中部稍下凹，黄褐色，有绒毛，不粘。菌肉淡黄色，伤后不变色。菌管与孔口均为黄色，受伤后不变色，孔口较大，角形，每毫米约一个，直生。菌柄长3—4.5厘米，粗0.3—0.5厘米，向下稍粗，色较菌盖稍深，呈污黄褐色。抱子在显微镜下于KOH溶液中呈蜜黄色，在梅氏液中浅褐色，长椭圆形，两侧不等边，光滑，壁薄，内含1—3油球，9.1—10.9（-12.3）×4—5.4微米，非淀粉质。担子近棒状，具2—4小梗，20—36×5.4—4.1微米。侧生囊状体较多，超逾子实层，无色或近无色，壁薄，梭形至近梭形或圆柱形，顶端稍钝或尖，34.5—54.5×5.4—9.1（—12.5）微米。

关键词: 绒盖, 牛肝菌属, 新种