Abstract: The karyotypic types of Taxodiaceaels endemic plants to China and neighbouring area are: Cryptomeria, "1A"; Clyptostrobus, "1A"; Metasequoia, "1A"; Cunninghamia, "1B"; Taiwania, "2B". According to the Stebbins'[25] karyotypic evolutionary theory and karyotypic analyses of the five genera, the present author suggests that their sequence of evolutionary level from primitive to progress would be Cryptomeria, Glyptostrobus, Metasequoia, Cunninghamia, Taiwania and there be two evolutionary lines probably: A-Cryptomeria------ Glyptostrobus -----Taiwania and L-Metasequoia -----Cunninghamia. The conclusions are supported by some evidances accumulated during the past in the fields of morphology, embryology, palaeobotany and so on and shown in Fig. 1.

Key words: China

摘要： 中国和邻近地区杉科特有植物的核型类型，柳杉属、水松属、水杉属均为“lA”,杉木属、台湾杉属分别为“1B”和“2B”，它们的进化水平似依序递增并组成A-柳杉属---水松属---台湾杉属和L-水杉属———杉木属二条演化路线。该结果得到某些形态学性状和古植物学的支持，基本上适用于整个杉科。

关键词: 中国, 杉科, 核型, 进化