Integrative Biology Journals
Plant Diversity

01 October 2005, Volume 27 Issue 05
    

  • Select all
    |
    Articles
  • Fossil History of Some Endemic Seed Plants of East Asia and Its Phytogeographical Significance
    ZHOU Zhe-Kun, Arata Momohara
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 449-470.
    Abstract ( 6303) Download PDF ( 7335 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Endemic elements are crucial for floristic and phytogeographical analysis . The levels of endemicity are important foundation of dividing floristic regions, different floristic ranks based on different endemic levels . The fossil history of endemic families and genera to the East Asia Floristic Kingdom play an
    important role in understanding the origin , development and differentiation of this flora kingdom . The fossil history of five endemic families (Cercidiphyllaceae, Eucommiaceae , Ginkgoaceae, Sargentodoxaceae and Treochodendraceae ) and 20 endemic genera ( Cathaya , Cephalotaxus, Corylopsis, Craigia , Cuninghamia, Davidia , Dipteronia , Emmenopterys , Exbucklandia , Fokienia , Fortunearia , Glyptostrobus, Keteleeria , Metasequoia , Pseudolarix, Platycarya , Shaniodendron , Sinowilsonia , Tapiscia , Toricellia and Taiwania) are reviewed . The fossil history shows that these endemic plants have three resources, one from Arctic-Tertiary , one boreotropic and one East Asia . This indicates that East floristic combination are a complex in its origin . Above mentioned three elements would be their three of resources. All endemic plants had much wider distributions in geological time . Their distributions were reduced during long geological time and become endemic to East Asia in the late Pliocene or early Quaternary . If the levels of endemism are really important foundation for dividing floristic regions, the time of formation of endemicity would be the time of formation of the floristic regions . The modern East Asia plant kingdom
    would be formed in the late Pliocene or early Quaternary .
  • Discuss on Some Systematical Problems of Tamaricaceae
    ZHANG Dao-Yuan
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 471-478.
    Abstract ( 5229) Download PDF ( 4222 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    In this paper , some systematical problems, including the classification , differentiation , and systematic relationships between genera of Tamaricaceae, are discussed . Tamaricaceae , together with the family Frankenaceae as sister group , is positioned in the Caryophyllales or Caryophyllidae of the Angiospermae. Based on morphological and molecular evidences , we give support to include Hololachna within the genus Reaumuria , and the establishment of the genus Myrtama Ovcz . & Kinz . Tamaricaceae is composed of two tribes: Trib . Reaumurieae Niedenzu and Trib . Tamariceae Niedenzu ( including Tamarix ,Myrtama and Myricaria) , with the genus Tamarix as evolutionary intermediate .
  • Characteristics of the Ramet Population of Epimedium brevicornum and Analysis of Spatial Point Pattern for E. brevicornum and E. sagittatum
    QIAN Bao-Ying, LI Yun-Xiang, LIAO Yong-Mei , ZHANG Ya-Shuang , YANG Zi-Song, FENG Tu
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 479-488.
    Abstract ( 6142) Download PDF ( 4152 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Epimedium brevicornum was sampled from Jinchengshan , a mountain of Nanchong , Sichuan province at altitudes of 560m, 653 m and 774m respectively for investigation of its ramet population variation. The results showed that the ramet population density decreased remarkably and its ratio of root to shoot increased with increasing elevation e. g, at 774 m the ratio of root to shoot was significantly higher than that at 560 m . The spatial distribution pattern of E . brevicornum at three different altitudes and E. sagittatum at the altitude 771 m were also investigated respectively with Congregation index (m*􊄯m) 、Clump index (I)、Cassie index (CA)、Dispersal index (C) and spatial point pattern analysis . The results revealed that the populations of E. brevicornum was clumped at all of the spatial scales , whereas the population of E. sagittatum was randomly distributed at the small spatial scales, and was clumped at the most spatial scales which ranged from 0. 1 m to 5 m . Finally , we discussed the protection of E . brevicornum and E. sagittatum and advantage to use point pattern analysis in the investigation of the spatial pattern of herb plant .
  • Spore Morphology of Pteridophytes from China Ⅵ .Pteridaceae
    DAI Xi-Ling, , WANG Quan-Xi, YU Jing , ZHU Rui-Liang
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 489-500.
    Abstract ( 6880) Download PDF ( 4189 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The spore morphology of 30 species 4 variety of 2 genera of Pteridaceae from China was investigated under scanning electron microscope (SEM) . Among them, 29 species 4 variety belong to the genus Pteris . The spores of Pteris are trilete , radiosymmetrical , subtriangular in polar view and hemispherical or subhemispherical in equatorial view . The polar axes are 26 - 54μm long , and equatorial axes are 34 - 97μm long . The perispore is thin and the surface ornamentation is formed by the exospore . The types of ornamentation are tuberculiform-rugulate , verruciform-rugulate or lophate , the spore of most species with the equatoial flange, some species with proximal ridge and distal ridge . The spore morphology of Pteris is stable, and the difference between species is distinct , but the features of spore and sporophyte are not related. The spore of Histiopteris is monolete and bilaterally symmetrical, elliptical in polar view and kidney-shaped in equatorial view . The polar axes are 22 - 23μm long , and equatorial axes are 29 - 36 μm long . The perispore is thin and the surface ornamentation is formed by the exospore . The surface is rugulate . The spore morphology of Histiopteris and Pteris is very differential , put genus Histiopteris in family Pteridaceae is not suitable, according to the feature of spore morphology .
  • Multicytotypic Populations of Scilla scilloides Polyploid Complex Found in Jiangxi , China
    DING Kai-Yu , SUN Jing-Xian , WANG Wei, WANG Bing-Yi , WANG Yue-Hua
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 501-508.
    Abstract ( 4871) Download PDF ( 3653 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Two populations ( located at Sanhu town , Xingan co., Jiangxi province ) of Scilla scilloides polyploid complex were surveyed cytologically , and four cytotypes, BB, BBB, BBBB, and ABBB were observed among two hundred and sixty three individuals . BBBB and ABBB were new records in East Asian continent . Until now, nine of the 12 euploid cytotypes of this polyploid complex have been found in the East Asian continent , which suggests the continent is one of the important locations where the cytotypic differentiation of the complex takes place . The occurrence of ABBB and BBB, but not ABB and aneuploids maybe demonstrates the distribution range of BB have contracted on the continent and Korean peninsula, AABB populations of plants with subglobose bulb have degenerated on the continent since Tertiary , and the mixed populations of BB and AABB are the relicts of populations on the continent , Korean peninsula and Cheju island . The cytotype component similarity in these populations to that in populations on the Japanese archipelago may show some historical relations between them, but this fact is not able to manifest the hypothesis that this species on the Japanese islands is one of“prehistoric naturalized”plants introduced from China .
  • Comparative Anatomy of the Leaves in Polygonatum from Anhui Province
    LI Jin-Hua , ZHOU Shou-Biao, WANG Chun-Jing , YU Ben-Qi
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 509-516.
    Abstract ( 5089) Download PDF ( 3916 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The comparative anatomy of the leaves of 7 species in Polygonatum Mill . is studied in this paper. The results are as follows: (1) The raphide idioblasts are common in these species from Anhui province , but their number is different each other ; (2) No hairs on epidermis except lower epidermis of P. odoratum; ( 3) Stomatal apparatus only distribute in lower epidermis in random and single except P. ganlandeianense has both single and two or three get together ; (4) No differentiation of palisade tissue and the spongy tissue in the leaves except P. anhuiense and P. zanlanscianense have inconspicuous one . ( 5) Some stomatal apparatus characters such as size , type, distribution and shape of surface cells show more or less difference among the species . These characters provide experimental evidence for division of species and systematic evolution relationships of Polygonatum Mill .
  • Studies on Leaf Epidermis Micromorphology of Euphorbia from Anhui Province
    ZHOU Shou-Biao , MENG Na , JIANG Ji-Hong
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 517-524.
    Abstract ( 5652) Download PDF ( 4103 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The leaf epidermis structures of seven species in the genus Euphorbia from Anhui province in China , have been examined with LM and SEM . The shapes of leaf epidermal cells are usually irregular or polygonal and the anticlinal walls are straight , arched , sinuolate, sinuous or sinuate . The stomata apparatus is anomocytic type and some species have simple or multicellular hairs which have neoplasitic process under SEM . And the cuticular membrane of leaf epidermis is scaly or granular under SEM . The result shows significant micromorphological differences of leaf epidermis of the seven species and it is taxonomically helpful for the identification of some species with similar leaf morphology .
  • Characters of Leaf Epidermis and Their Systematic Significance in Glycyrrhiza
    LU Jia-Hui , LI Xue-Yu , ZHOU Ling-Ling , WU Ling
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 525-533.
    Abstract ( 5297) Download PDF ( 4389 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The leaf epidermal characters of 10 species, 1 variety (16 samples) in different series of the genus Glycyrrhiza are observed with the light microscope under the conditions of epidermal maceration and paraffin section . The stomatal size , density and index were measured and counted . The results show that the shape of leaf epidermal cells are polygonal or irregular , and the anticlinal walls are straight, sinuate or sinuolate . The stomatal apparatuses can be divided into 6 types, most of them are anomocytic, anisocytic and brach paracytic , only one species usually has two to three types of stomatal apparatuses . Trichomes can be divided into two groups , simple trichomes and scales . These characters have some regularity in subdivision of the genus and supraspecific taxon , some differences were also found among species . Therefore these characters are much of signification in identification to subdivision of the genus, and also provide
    evidence for studies on systematic relationships of several taxons in genus .
  • Chromosome Numbers and Karyotypes of Three Zelkova Species

    HE Ping , , JIN Xiao-Ling ,

    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 534-538.
    Abstract ( 5178) Download PDF ( 3925 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of three Zelkova Species from China are reported for the first time . The results are as follows: Z. schneideriana Hand .-Mazz ., 2n = 2x = 28 = 14m + 14sm; Z. serrata (Thunb .) Makino, 2n= 2x = 28 = 26m+ 2sm; Z. sinica Schneid , 2n = 2x = 28 = 20m+ 8sm .
  • Study on Karyotypes of Six Species in Angelica from Sichuan, China
    ZHANG Qiao-Ying , HE Xing-Jin , ZHANG Yun-Chun , LUO Peng , WU Ning
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 539-544.
    Abstract ( 5116) Download PDF ( 3413 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Karyotypes of 6 species in Angelica L . from Sichuan are studied at population level and the karyotype of A. pseudoselinum is firstly reported . It is found that the number of chromosomes are invariably 2n = 2x =22 , with most of them are median and submedian centromeric chromosomes, while subterminal centromeric chromosomes exist in A. omeiensis . The majority of karyotypes belong to 2A, and Shihuiyao population of A. laxifoliata has 1A types . As for karyotypic formula , A. omeiensis is 2n =22 = 10m+ 2sm+ 10st , A. maowenensis is 2n =22= 16m+ 4sm+ 2sm (SAT) , A. sinensis is 2n = 22 = 14m+ 8sm, A. apaensis is 2n = 22 = 14m+8sm, and A. pseudoselinum is 2n =22 = 12m+ 8sm+2sm (SAT ) . However, different populations of A. laxiforliata don’t have the same karyotypic formulae, and there are some variations between the caryotypes more or less . According to Stebbins, A. omeiensis’s evolution status was showed by the highest index of asymmetry among six species studied in this paper , while A. laxiforliata is a little primitive because of its lower index of asymmetry and its 1A caryotypes . However , the morphological, anatomic , karyotypic characters and that of pollen grains are evolving asynchronously , suggesting that, Sichuan as one of the frequency centers of Angelica L . in China , is also one of the differentiation centers of Angelica L .
  • Cloning and Functional Analysis of a Novel Proteinase Omega Promoter from Carica papaya
    YANG Ying-Jun , , ZHOU Peng
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 545-551.
    Abstract ( 4373) Download PDF ( 4372 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Proteinase omega was a kind of proteinase in papaya (Carica papaya L .) laticifers . A 5′flanking sequence and partial gene sequence of proteinase omega were isolated from the genomic DNA via PCR technology . DNA sequence analysis and homology comparison indicated that it had 96% homology with the proteinase omega gene which had been submitted to GenBank . The two core promoter regions and some upstream regulatory elements in the fragment were analysed using the software of PROMOTER PREDICTION and PLANT CARE . Transcriptional start sites ( TSS) were A, T respectively . TATA-box , CAAT-box , G-box, I-box, AT rich regions and other cis- elements were found in the promoter in identical positions common to all promoter sequence regions . Compared with the data in GenBank , the results showed that a new promoter was obtained , and its GenBank accession number was AY695444 . Binary vectors were constructed through fusing 1039 bp 5′flanking region of proteinase omega gene with the GUS
    gene, Transient GUS expressions were observed in papaya leaves transferred via particle bombardment . GUS activities were detected only in laticiferious cells .
  • Induction of Polyploid of Dendrobium devonianum
    LI Han , , ZHENG Si-Xiang , LONG Chun-Lin
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 552-556.
    Abstract ( 4286) Download PDF ( 3989 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The polyploid breeding technique was used to induce polyploid of Dendrobium devonianum, an orchid occurring in the tropics of Yunnan with ornamental and medicinal values . The materials for polyploid breeding were in vitro seedlings of diploids . The polyploid plants could be induced in a short time with colchicines as mutagen . It resulted in the best inductive effect to use 0 . 03% colchicines to deal with the in vitro seedlings of diploids for 24 hours . The polyploid plants were different from those of diploids in morphology , stoma diameter , chromosome numbers, and DNA fingerprints . The in vitro seedlings of polyploid plant showed advantageous characteristics such as thicker stems and leaves . It is a successful case to apply polyploid breeding technique into the tropical orchid breeding in China .
  • Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Taxanes in Taxus chinensis Cell Cultures Elicited by Methyl Jasmonate
    ZHAO Chun-Fang, YU Long-Jiang, LIU Zhi , LI Mao-Teng ,
    ZHOU Peng-Peng , LI Li-Qin
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 557-564.
    Abstract ( 5424) Download PDF ( 4046 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Taxus chinensis cell cultures were extracted with methanol and then prepared by solid-phase extract prior to HPLC or LC-MS analysis . About 13 taxane compounds were identified or characterized by comparisons with LC-MS and standard referents . The profiling analysis of the taxanes by methyl jasmonate (MJ ) elicitation indicated that the relative chromatographic peak areas of all these identified compounds were increased but the increasing rates differed . Taxchinin M and its structural analogue had the highest increment . The increasing rates of taxol, B -Ⅲ and B -Ⅵ were more than that of taxuyunnanine C and its derivatives, which were oxygenated at C-14 . The results suggested that biosynthsis of taxol and its precursors were more sensitive than oxygenated taxanes at C-14 in response to methyl jasmonate elicitations, while MJ may also elicit the formation of non-effective acetylated taxanes which bear acetate groups at C1 ,C2 , C7 , C9 and C13 . The study may be interesting in metabolic profiling analysis for elucidating taxane biosynthesis .
  • Chemical Constituents from Craibiodendron yunnanense

    LI Rong-Tao , , LI Jin-Yu , WANG Jin-Kun , ZHU Zhao-Yun , SUN Han-Dong

    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 565-571.
    Abstract ( 5647) Download PDF ( 4042 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Investigation of the chemical constituents of the leaves of Craibiodendron yunnanense obtained the isolation of fifteen compounds . Their structures were elucidated as asebotoxin-III ( 1) , grayanotoxin-XVIII (2) , leucothol A ( 3) , proA-4 (4) , quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside ( 5) , quercetin-3-O-α- arabinofuranoside (6) , quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (7) , trihydroxyflavone-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (8 ) , 2 , 4-bis ( 4-hydroxyphengl )-1 , 3- cyclobutane dicarboxglic aicd ( 9 ) , ( Z )-p-hydroxy cinamic acid (10) , ( E )-p-hydroxy cinamic acid (11) , vanillic acid ( 12 ) , 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-5 , 12-dien-28-oic acid ( 13 ) , 2α, 3β, 23-trihydroxyurs-12- en-28-oic acid (14) , andβ-stiosterol (15) . Compounds 1 - 4 , and 8 - 14 were isolated from the titled plant for the first time . In addition , compounds 1 - 3 may have closed relationships with the effects of analgesic .
  • Content Variation of Theanine and Gallic Acid in Pu-Er Tea
    SHE Gai-Mei , ZHANG Xiang-Lan, CHEN Ke-Ke, ZHANG Ying-Jun, YANG Chong-Ren
    Plant Diversity. 2005, 27(05): 572-576.
    Abstract ( 4702) Download PDF ( 4971 ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    A method for simultaneous analysis of theanine and gallic acid was established by HPLC technique . The content variations of theanine and gallic acid of solar dried green tea of Camellia sinensis var. assamica and its producing Pu-Er tea were determined by this method . The results showed that the contents of gallic acid significantly enhanced and theanine distinctly reduced in Pu-Er tea . It is noticed that the content of both of theanine and gallic acid are correlative with the producing place and quality of crude materials, as well as with the producing process of the post-fermentation of Pu-Er tea . The mechanism of content variation of theanine and gallic acid was discussed primarily .
Copyright © Plant Diversity, All Rights Reserved.
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd.