Abstract: The distribution pattern of species diversity of Pedicularis in Sichuan and Chongqing, including both geographical and altitudinal pattern, and its relationship with main environmental factors are studied. Following Tsoong′s system, there are 181 species in 70 series of 13 groups ( as“grexes”) now recognized within the genus in Sichuan and Chongqing. The richness of Pedicularis in west of Sichuan is richer than in east of Sichuan. The richness of Pedicularis is richest in altitude 3 500 - 4 000m. With use of GIS, biographic statistics and SPSS, spatial quantitative analysis, correlation analysis,
relationship between main environmental factors in 148 counties in Sichuan and Chongqing and geographical species diversity pattern of Pedicularis is analysed in order to find out the principal factors which influence the present pattern of species diversity of Pedicularis. The result suggests that the high species diversity of Pedicularis in western Sichuan is closely related to species richness of bumblebees, altitude and ≥15℃ accumulated temperature, implying that Pedicularis might not grow normally in the environment with long warm duration, which is also supported by the flourishing of Pedicularis in
cold environment in alpine and subalpine areas.

Key words: Pedicularis

摘要： 对川渝地区马先蒿属植物的物种多样性分布格局进行了较为系统的研究, 川渝地区共有马先蒿属植物181 种, 分属于11 个群70 个系, 其物种多样性在川渝地区呈现西高东低的分布格局, 物种多样性水平在海拔3 500～4 000 m 最高。在SPSS 软件的支持下, 运用因子分析法和相关分析法定量分析川渝地区148个单元格内主要环境因素与马先蒿属物种多样性分布之间的关系, 表明熊蜂物种丰富度、海拔高度和≥15℃的积温依次是影响川渝地区马先蒿属物种多样性分布格局最重要的生态环境因子。熊蜂物种丰富度和海拔高度与马先蒿物种丰富度呈正相关, 熊蜂对马先蒿属植物的繁殖成功与否起着关键的作用; 诸多温度因子中, ≥15℃积温对马先蒿属物种多样性分布影响最大, 与马先蒿属物种丰富度呈负相关, 这与它喜好高海拔地区寒冷的环境相一致。

关键词: 马先蒿属, 丰富度, 川渝地区, 环境因子, 因子分析FONT