Abstract: The present article has comprehensively studied the phytogeography of the genus Zelkova(Ulmaceae).The genus disjunctly distributed in East-Asia and Mediterranean, and belongs to Eastern Asiatic Region, Mediterranean Region and Irano-Turanian Region. Based on the morphological evolutionary trends, evidences from cytology and palynology, and combined with fosssil distribution adn geological events, we suppose that Zelkova is the relica of Tertiary temperate flora once wide spread throughout north hemisphere. The Late Tertiary orogeny of Himalaya and the Quaternary glaciation were the main factors intensively influenced the European Zelkova, whereas in East Asia, the effects were relatively insignificant.

Key words: Ulmaceae

摘要： 榉属是东亚-地中海间断分布属，分属于东亚植物区、地中海植物区及伊朗-土兰植物区。根据现存榉属植物的形态演化趋势、细胞学、孢粉学证据及其化石资料和古地质历史事件相结合分析，该属植物是第三纪温带森林的孑遗成分而且第三纪末期的喜马拉雅造山运动及第四纪的冰川作用是榉属植物演化的主要动力。在欧洲，由于喜马拉雅造山运动及第四纪冰川作用的较强烈，使分布于此的榉属植物受到严厉的生存竞争，未能适应环境的物种遭受灭绝，少数进行适应性变异的物种在极端环境条件下生存了下来。而东亚地区由于自然环境相对较稳定，便成了榉属植物的避难所，因此也保留了榉属植物种较为古老的种类。

关键词: 榆科, 榉属, 植物地理