Abstract: Numerous mushrooms are toxic to insects. To identify the chemicals involved in insecticidal activity, the toxicity of 14 species has been studied for water solubility, thermolability, and dialysis. The data strongly suggest that proteins are responsible for most of the insecticidal avtivity in mushroom fruitboodies and may be a source of genes available for plant protection against insects. Among proteins, lectins and haemolysins are good insecticide candidates because the toxicities are not affected by protease.

Key words: Mushrooms

摘要： 许多蘑菇都对昆虫表现出毒性.为了证实与杀虫毒性有关的化合物,对14种蘑菇的毒性在水溶性、热敏性和可透析性等方面进行了研究.研究数据表明,蛋白质对大多数蘑菇子实体的杀虫活性起着重要作用,也许是一种可以用于植物抵抗害虫的基因源.在数种蛋白质中,凝集素和溶血素因不受蛋白酶的影响而成为良好的杀虫剂候选材料.

关键词: 蘑菇, 杀虫剂, 蛋白质, 凝集素, 蛋白酶抑制剂, 溶血素