Abstract: In the present paper, karyological studies were carried out in two species and one variety of Ranunculus L.from China. Their chromosome numbers and karyotypes are all reported here for the first time. Ranunculus japonicus Thunb. var. ternatifolius L.Liao shows two different karyotypes i.e. common-type 2n = 2x= 14= 6m+4sm+4st(2SAT) and heterozygous type 2n = 2x= 14= 6m+4sm+4st(1SAT). The former karyotype characteristic is that the satellite is larger. The latter karyotype variations are the occurrence of heteromorphous homologous chromosomes of second pair and the sixth pair SAT chromosome posses only one satellite; Ranunculus dopsus DC. karyotype formula is 2n = 4x = 32 = 10m+8sm+12st(2SAT)+2t(2SAT). It consists of two different genomes. One of them is that the satellite is far larger than the short arm. The other is that the satellite is smaller than the short arm, Ranunculus silerifolius Levl. karyotype formula is 2n = 4x = 32 = 8m+6sm+18st(4SAT). It consists of four chromosome sets which is basicly similar in karyotype.

Key words: Ranunculus japonicus var. ternatfiolius

摘要： 对3种（含1变种）毛茛属植物进行了核型研究，其染色体数目及核型资料为首次报道。三叶毛茛（Ranunculus japonicus Thunb．var．ternatifolius L．Liao．）有两种核型，即基本型2n=2x=14=6m＋4sm＋4st（2SAT）和杂合型2n=2x=14=6m＋4sm＋4st（1SAT），前者核型的特征是其随体较大，而后者核型变异发生在第2对和第3对同源染色体异形上，并且第6对随体染色只有1 条随体；铺散毛茛（R．diffusus DC．）核型公式为 2n=4x=32=10m＋8sm＋12st（2SAT）＋2t（2SAT），它是由两个不同的染色体组组成，其中1个是随体比其短臂大得多，另外1个是随体小于其短臂；卷喙毛茛（R．silerifolius）核型公式为 2n=4x=32=8m＋6sm+18st(4SAT），它是由 4个形态基本相似的染色体组组成。

关键词: 三叶毛茛, 铺散毛茛, 卷喙毛茛, 核型